वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-98, verse-20

यदि निर्यातिता ते स्यात् सीता रामाय मैथिली ।
न नः स्याद्व्यसनं घोरमिदं मूलहरं महत् ॥२०॥

20. yadi niryātitā te syāt sītā rāmāya maithilī ,
na naḥ syādvyasanaṃ ghoramidaṃ mūlaharaṃ mahat.

20. yadi niryātitā te syāt sītā rāmāya maithilī na
naḥ syāt vyasanam ghoram idam mūlaharam mahat

20. yadi maithilī sītā te rāmāya niryātitā syāt naḥ
idam ghoram mahat mūlaharam vyasanam na syāt

20. If Sītā, the princess of Mithila, had been returned by you to Rāma, then this terrible, great, ruinous misfortune would not have befallen us.

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if

• निर्यातिता (niryātitā) - returned, given back, restored

• ते (te) - by you (Rāvaṇa) (by you)

• स्यात् (syāt) - would be, might be

• सीता (sītā) - Sītā

• रामाय (rāmāya) - to Rāma

• मैथिली (maithilī) - Sītā, daughter of Janaka, king of Mithila (princess of Mithila, Sītā)

• न (na) - not

• नः (naḥ) - for us (the Rākṣasas) (for us, to us)

• स्यात् (syāt) - would be, might be

• व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - misfortune, calamity, distress

• घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful, fierce

• इदम् (idam) - this

• मूलहरम् (mūlaharam) - root-destroying, ruinous

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, immense

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

Note: Conditional conjunction.

निर्यातिता (niryātitā) - returned, given back, restored

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of niryātita

niryātita - sent out, returned, given back, expelled

Past Passive Participle (causative)

From prefix nir- + √yā (to go) in causative form + kta suffix

Prefix: nir

Root: yā (class 2)

ते (te) - by you (Rāvaṇa) (by you)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent in passive construction "by you".

स्यात् (syāt) - would be, might be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: In the conditional clause.

सीता (sītā) - Sītā

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sītā (name of Rāma's wife)

Note: Subject of the conditional clause.

रामाय (rāmāya) - to Rāma

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper name of the prince of Ayodhyā)

Note: Recipient of Sītā.

मैथिली (maithilī) - Sītā, daughter of Janaka, king of Mithila (princess of Mithila, Sītā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of maithilī

maithilī - daughter of Mithila (an epithet of Sītā)

From Mithilā (name of Janaka's capital) + ī (feminine suffix)

Note: Apposition to Sītā.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

नः (naḥ) - for us (the Rākṣasas) (for us, to us)

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - we

Note: Indicates benefit or detriment.

स्यात् (syāt) - would be, might be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: In the main clause.

व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - misfortune, calamity, distress

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - misfortune, calamity, addiction, vice

From vi- + √as (to throw)

Prefix: vi

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Subject of the main clause.

घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful, fierce

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, fierce, awful

Note: Qualifies 'vyasanam'.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Qualifies 'vyasanam'.

मूलहरम् (mūlaharam) - root-destroying, ruinous

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mūlahara

mūlahara - root-destroying, eradicating

Compound type : tatpurusha (mūla+hara)

• mūla – root, origin, foundation
  noun (neuter)
• hara – taking away, destroying, carrying
  adjective (masculine)
  From √hṛ (to take, carry, destroy) + a suffix
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'vyasanam'.

महत् (mahat) - great, large, immense

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, important

Note: Qualifies 'vyasanam'.

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