वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-98, verse-17

एवं वदन्त्यो बहुधा रुरुदुस्तस्य ताः स्त्रियः ।
भूय एव च दुःखार्ता विलेपुश्च पुनः पुनः ॥१७॥

17. evaṃ vadantyo bahudhā rurudustasya tāḥ striyaḥ ,
bhūya eva ca duḥkhārtā vilepuśca punaḥ punaḥ.

17. evam vadantyaḥ bahudhā ruruduḥ tasya tāḥ striyaḥ
bhūyaḥ eva ca duḥkhā-artāḥ vilepuḥ ca punaḥ punaḥ

17. Speaking thus in many ways, his wives wept. And again, afflicted with sorrow, they lamented repeatedly.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this manner

• वदन्त्यः (vadantyaḥ) - speaking, saying

• बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways, manifoldly

• रुरुदुः (ruruduḥ) - they wept

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

• ताः (tāḥ) - those

• स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - wives, women

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

• एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, certainly

• च (ca) - and, also

• दुःखा-अर्ताः (duḥkhā-artāḥ) - afflicted by sorrow, distressed

• विलेपुः (vilepuḥ) - they lamented, wailed

• च (ca) - and, also

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

वदन्त्यः (vadantyaḥ) - speaking, saying

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vadant

vadant - speaking, saying

Present Active Participle

From √vad (to speak) + śatṛ (suffix)

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `striyaḥ`.

बहुधा (bahudhā) - in many ways, manifoldly

(indeclinable)

From bahu (much, many) + dhā (suffix for 'in such a manner')

रुरुदुः (ruruduḥ) - they wept

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect indicative (liṭ) of rud

Perfect Tense, reduplicated form

Root: rud (class 2)

तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ta

ta - he, she, it, that

ताः (tāḥ) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ta

ta - he, she, it, that

Note: Qualifies `striyaḥ`.

स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - wives, women

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, wife, female

Note: The subject of `ruruduḥ` and `vilepuḥ`.

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

(indeclinable)

Comparative adverb from √bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

दुःखा-अर्ताः (duḥkhā-artāḥ) - afflicted by sorrow, distressed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of duḥkhārta

duḥkhārta - afflicted by sorrow, distressed

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+ārta)

• duḥkha – sorrow, suffering, pain, misery
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, tormented
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √ṛ (to go, move) with prefix ā, often related to 'pain' or 'affliction'
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Qualifies `striyaḥ`.

विलेपुः (vilepuḥ) - they lamented, wailed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect indicative (liṭ) of vilap

Perfect Tense

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

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