वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-98, verse-12

येन वित्रासितः शक्रो येन वित्रासितो यमः ।
येन वैश्रवणो राजा पुष्पकेण वियोजितः ॥१२॥

12. yena vitrāsitaḥ śakro yena vitrāsito yamaḥ ,
yena vaiśravaṇo rājā puṣpakeṇa viyojitaḥ.

12. yena vitrāsitaḥ śakraḥ yena vitrāsitaḥ yamaḥ
| yena vaiśravaṇaḥ rājā puṣpakeṇa viyojitaḥ

12. yena śakraḥ vitrāsitaḥ yena yamaḥ vitrāsitaḥ
yena rājā vaiśravaṇaḥ puṣpakeṇa viyojitaḥ

12. He by whom Indra was terrified, by whom Yama was terrified, and by whom King Vaiśravaṇa was dispossessed of his Puṣpaka (aerial chariot).

Words meanings summery:

• येन (yena) - by whom (Rāvaṇa) (by whom, by which)

• वित्रासितः (vitrāsitaḥ) - terrified (terrified, frightened, made to tremble)

• शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Indra (Indra (king of the gods))

• येन (yena) - by whom (Rāvaṇa) (by whom, by which)

• वित्रासितः (vitrāsitaḥ) - terrified (terrified, frightened, made to tremble)

• यमः (yamaḥ) - Yama (the god of death) (Yama (god of death), restraint, discipline)

• येन (yena) - by whom (Rāvaṇa) (by whom, by which)

• वैश्रवणः (vaiśravaṇaḥ) - Vaiśravaṇa (another name for Kubera) (Kubera (god of wealth), son of Viśravas)

• राजा (rājā) - king (king, ruler)

• पुष्पकेण (puṣpakeṇa) - by the Puṣpaka (aerial chariot) (by the Puṣpaka (chariot))

• वियोजितः (viyojitaḥ) - dispossessed of, separated from (separated, disjoined, deprived)

Words meanings and morphology

येन (yena) - by whom (Rāvaṇa) (by whom, by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa, implying 'the one by whom'.

वित्रासितः (vitrāsitaḥ) - terrified (terrified, frightened, made to tremble)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vitrāsita

vitrāsita - terrified, frightened, put to flight

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root `tras` (to tremble) with prefix `vi-` (apart, intensifier) and causative suffix `-āsi-`.

Prefix: vi

Root: tras (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective for Śakra.

शक्रः (śakraḥ) - Indra (Indra (king of the gods))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Indra, powerful, mighty

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Subject of `vitrāsitaḥ`.

येन (yena) - by whom (Rāvaṇa) (by whom, by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa.

वित्रासितः (vitrāsitaḥ) - terrified (terrified, frightened, made to tremble)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vitrāsita

vitrāsita - terrified, frightened, put to flight

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root `tras` (to tremble) with prefix `vi-` (apart, intensifier) and causative suffix `-āsi-`.

Prefix: vi

Root: tras (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective for Yama.

यमः (yamaḥ) - Yama (the god of death) (Yama (god of death), restraint, discipline)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama (the god of death and justice), restraint, control, twin

From root `yam` (to restrain, control).

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Subject of `vitrāsitaḥ`.

येन (yena) - by whom (Rāvaṇa) (by whom, by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa.

वैश्रवणः (vaiśravaṇaḥ) - Vaiśravaṇa (another name for Kubera) (Kubera (god of wealth), son of Viśravas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśravaṇa

vaiśravaṇa - Kubera (god of wealth), son of Viśravas

Patronymic from Viśravas.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Subject.

राजा (rājā) - king (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Appositive to `vaiśravaṇaḥ`.

पुष्पकेण (puṣpakeṇa) - by the Puṣpaka (aerial chariot) (by the Puṣpaka (chariot))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of puṣpaka

puṣpaka - flowery, adorned with flowers, the aerial chariot of Kubera (and later Rāvaṇa)

Root: puṣ (class 4)

Note: Used with `viyojitaḥ` to mean 'separated from'.

वियोजितः (viyojitaḥ) - dispossessed of, separated from (separated, disjoined, deprived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viyojita

viyojita - separated, disjoined, deprived of, unyoked

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root `yuj` (to join, to yoke) with prefix `vi-` (apart) and suffix `-ita` (denoting causative passive participle) implicitly from `yojayati`.

Prefix: vi

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Predicate adjective for `vaiśravaṇaḥ rājā`.

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