वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-54, verse-23

अतिप्रमाणा बलिनो दीप्तजिह्वा महाविषाः ।
निपीडितशिरोग्रीवा व्यवेष्टन्त महाहयः ॥२३॥

23. atipramāṇā balino dīptajihvā mahāviṣāḥ ,
nipīḍitaśirogrīvā vyaveṣṭanta mahāhayaḥ.

23. atipramāṇāḥ balinaḥ dīptajihvāḥ mahāviṣāḥ
nipīḍitaśirogrīvāḥ vyaveṣṭanta mahāhayāḥ

23. atipramāṇāḥ balinaḥ dīptajihvāḥ mahāviṣāḥ
nipīḍitaśirogrīvāḥ mahāhayāḥ vyaveṣṭanta

23. The exceedingly massive, powerful great serpents, with flaming tongues and potent venom, coiled and writhed with their heads and necks pressed down.

Words meanings summery:

• अतिप्रमाणाः (atipramāṇāḥ) - of excessive measure, very large

• बलिनः (balinaḥ) - powerful, strong

• दीप्तजिह्वाः (dīptajihvāḥ) - with flaming tongues, having shining tongues

• महाविषाः (mahāviṣāḥ) - greatly venomous, having great poison

• निपीडितशिरोग्रीवाः (nipīḍitaśirogrīvāḥ) - with heads and necks pressed down

• व्यवेष्टन्त (vyaveṣṭanta) - they coiled, they writhed

• महाहयाः (mahāhayāḥ) - The great serpents coiled and writhed. (great serpents)

Words meanings and morphology

अतिप्रमाणाः (atipramāṇāḥ) - of excessive measure, very large

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of atipramāṇa

atipramāṇa - excessive measure, very large, enormous

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ati+pramāṇa)

• ati – excessive, beyond, over
  indeclinable
• pramāṇa – measure, extent, size
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: mā (class 3)

बलिनः (balinaḥ) - powerful, strong

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of balin

balin - powerful, strong, mighty

दीप्तजिह्वाः (dīptajihvāḥ) - with flaming tongues, having shining tongues

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dīptajihva

dīptajihva - flaming-tongued, having shining tongues

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dīpta+jihva)

• dīpta – shining, blazing, flaming
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: dīp (class 4)
• jihva – tongue
  noun (feminine)

महाविषाः (mahāviṣāḥ) - greatly venomous, having great poison

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāviṣa

mahāviṣa - very poisonous, deadly venomous

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+viṣa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• viṣa – poison, venom
  noun (neuter)

निपीडितशिरोग्रीवाः (nipīḍitaśirogrīvāḥ) - with heads and necks pressed down

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nipīḍitaśirogrīva

nipīḍitaśirogrīva - having head and neck pressed down

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nipīḍita+śiras+grīvā)

• nipīḍita – pressed down, oppressed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefix: ni
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)
• śiras – head
  noun (neuter)
• grīvā – neck
  noun (feminine)

व्यवेष्टन्त (vyaveṣṭanta) - they coiled, they writhed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyaveṣṭanta

Imperfect

3rd person plural Middle voice Imperfect

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: veṣṭ (class 1)

महाहयाः (mahāhayāḥ) - The great serpents coiled and writhed. (great serpents)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāhaya

mahāhaya - great horse; (interpreted in context) great serpent (mahāhi)

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahā+haya)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• haya – horse; (interpreted as) serpent
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hi (class 5)