वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-54, verse-19

स तदा पीडितस्तेन कपिना पर्वतोत्तमः ।
ररास सह तैर्भूतैः प्राविशद्वसुधातलम् ।
कम्पमानैश्च शिखरैः पतद्भिरपि च द्रुमैः ॥१९॥

19. sa tadā pīḍitastena kapinā parvatottamaḥ ,
rarāsa saha tairbhūtaiḥ prāviśadvasudhātalam ,
kampamānaiśca śikharaiḥ patadbhirapi ca drumaiḥ.

19. saḥ tadā pīḍitaḥ tena kapinā
parvatottamaḥ rarāsa saha taiḥ bhūtaiḥ
prāviśat vasudhātalam kampamānaiḥ
ca śikharaiḥ patadbhiḥ api ca drumaiḥ

19. tadā tena kapinā pīḍitaḥ saḥ
parvatottamaḥ taiḥ bhūtaiḥ saha rarāsa
vasudhātalam prāviśat kampamānaiḥ
śikharaiḥ ca patadbhiḥ drumaiḥ api ca

19. The excellent mountain, then tormented by that monkey, roared along with the beings residing on it and sank into the earth's surface, while its peaks trembled and trees also fell.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (mountain) (he, that)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• पीडितः (pīḍitaḥ) - tormented (tormented, oppressed, afflicted)

• तेन (tena) - by that (monkey) (by him, by that)

• कपिना (kapinā) - by the monkey (by a monkey, by the monkey)

• पर्वतोत्तमः (parvatottamaḥ) - the excellent mountain, the supreme mountain (best of mountains, chief mountain)

• ररास (rarāsa) - it roared (he roared, it roared)

• सह (saha) - along with (with, along with)

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those (beings) (by those)

• भूतैः (bhūtaiḥ) - by the beings (residing on the mountain) (by beings, by creatures, by elements)

• प्राविशत् (prāviśat) - it sank into (entered) (he entered, it entered)

• वसुधातलम् (vasudhātalam) - the earth's surface (earth's surface, ground)

• कम्पमानैः (kampamānaiḥ) - by trembling (by trembling, by shaking)

• च (ca) - and

• शिखरैः (śikharaiḥ) - by its peaks (by peaks, by crests)

• पतद्भिः (patadbhiḥ) - by falling (by falling, by dropping)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even)

• च (ca) - and

• द्रुमैः (drumaiḥ) - by trees

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (mountain) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: masculine nominative singular of 'tad'

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' with the suffix -dā

Note: temporal adverb

पीडितः (pīḍitaḥ) - tormented (tormented, oppressed, afflicted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pīḍita

pīḍita - tormented, oppressed, afflicted

Past Passive Participle

From root PĪḌ (पीड्) 'to pain, afflict' + -ta suffix

Root: pīḍ (class 1)

Note: masculine nominative singular of past passive participle

तेन (tena) - by that (monkey) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: masculine instrumental singular of 'tad'

कपिना (kapinā) - by the monkey (by a monkey, by the monkey)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kapi

kapi - monkey, ape

Note: instrumental singular of 'kapi' (i-stem)

पर्वतोत्तमः (parvatottamaḥ) - the excellent mountain, the supreme mountain (best of mountains, chief mountain)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parvatottama

parvatottama - best of mountains

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parvata+uttama)

• parvata – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'ud' or 'ut'

Note: nominative singular of compound noun

ररास (rarāsa) - it roared (he roared, it roared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of √ras

Perfect Tense (Lit)

3rd person singular perfect of root RAS (रस्)

Root: ras (class 1)

Note: 3rd person singular perfect active of √ras

सह (saha) - along with (with, along with)

(indeclinable)

Note: generally used with instrumental

तैः (taiḥ) - by those (beings) (by those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: masculine instrumental plural of 'tad'

भूतैः (bhūtaiḥ) - by the beings (residing on the mountain) (by beings, by creatures, by elements)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, ghost, past

Past Passive Participle

From root BHŪ (भू) 'to be, become' + -ta suffix

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: masculine instrumental plural of 'bhūta' (past passive participle used as noun)

प्राविशत् (prāviśat) - it sank into (entered) (he entered, it entered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of √viś

Imperfect Tense (Laṅ)

3rd person singular imperfect of root VIŚ (विश्) with prefix PRĀ (प्रा)

Prefix: prā

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: 3rd person singular imperfect active of √viś with prefix prā-

वसुधातलम् (vasudhātalam) - the earth's surface (earth's surface, ground)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vasudhātala

vasudhātala - surface of the earth, ground

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vasudhā+tala)

• vasudhā – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, plain, bottom
  noun (neuter)

Note: accusative singular of compound noun

कम्पमानैः (kampamānaiḥ) - by trembling (by trembling, by shaking)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kampamāna

kampamāna - trembling, shaking

Present Middle Participle

From root KAMP (कम्प्) 'to tremble' + śānac (मान) suffix

Root: kamp (class 1)

Note: masculine instrumental plural of present middle participle

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

शिखरैः (śikharaiḥ) - by its peaks (by peaks, by crests)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śikhara

śikhara - peak, summit, crest

Note: instrumental plural of 'śikhara' (a-stem)

पतद्भिः (patadbhiḥ) - by falling (by falling, by dropping)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of patat

patat - falling, dropping

Present Active Participle

From root PAT (पत्) 'to fall' + śatṛ (अत्) suffix

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: masculine instrumental plural of present active participle

अपि (api) - also (also, even)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

द्रुमैः (drumaiḥ) - by trees

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of druma

druma - tree

Note: instrumental plural of 'druma' (a-stem)