वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-6, verse-23

मम दयिततमा हृता वनाद् रजनिचरेण विमथ्य येन सा ।
कथय मम रिपुं तमद्य वै प्रवगपते यमसंनिधिं नयामि ॥२३॥

23. mama dayitatamā hṛtā vanād rajanicareṇa vimathya yena sā ,
kathaya mama ripuṃ tamadya vai pravagapate yamasaṃnidhiṃ nayāmi.

23. mama dayitatamā hṛtā vanāt
rajanicareṇa vimathya yena sā
kathaya mama ripum tam adya vai
plavagapate yamasamnidhim nayāmi

23. plavagapate kathaya yena mama dayitatamā sā vanāt vimathya
hṛtā tam mama ripum adya vai yamasamnidhim nayāmi

23. O lord of monkeys (plavagapati), tell me by whom my most beloved was forcibly carried away from the forest. Indeed, today I shall send that enemy of mine to the abode of Yama (Yama-saṃnidhi).

Words meanings summery:

• मम (mama) - my

• दयिततमा (dayitatamā) - Refers to Sītā. (most beloved, dearest)

• हृता (hṛtā) - carried away, stolen

• वनात् (vanāt) - from the forest, from the wood

• रजनिचरेण (rajanicareṇa) - Refers to Rāvaṇa, a demon (rakṣas). (by the night-wanderer, by the demon)

• विमथ्य (vimathya) - having forcibly taken or having seized violently (having crushed, having churned, having forcibly taken)

• येन (yena) - by whom, by which

• सा (sā) - Refers to Sītā. (she)

• कथय (kathaya) - tell, relate, speak

• मम (mama) - my

• रिपुम् (ripum) - enemy, foe

• तम् (tam) - Refers to the demon (rajanicara). (that, him)

• अद्य (adya) - today

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, truly

• प्लवगपते (plavagapate) - Refers to Sugrīva. (O lord of monkeys, O king of the vanaras)

• यमसम्निधिम् (yamasamnidhim) - to the proximity of Yama, to Yama's presence, to the abode of Yama

• नयामि (nayāmi) - I lead, I bring, I take

Words meanings and morphology

मम (mama) - my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Possessive adjective.

दयिततमा (dayitatamā) - Refers to Sītā. (most beloved, dearest)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dayitatama

dayitatama - most beloved, dearest

Superlative degree of 'dayita' (beloved), formed with suffix 'tama'.

Note: Modifies 'sā'.

हृता (hṛtā) - carried away, stolen

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hṛ

hṛ - to carry, take, seize, steal

Past Passive Participle

root √hṛ + ta (PPP suffix) + ā (feminine nominative singular)

Root: hṛ (class 1)

वनात् (vanāt) - from the forest, from the wood

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

Note: Indicates separation from.

रजनिचरेण (rajanicareṇa) - Refers to Rāvaṇa, a demon (rakṣas). (by the night-wanderer, by the demon)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rajanicara

rajanicara - night-wanderer, demon, goblin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rajani+cara)

• rajani – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, wandering, going
  adjective
  Kṛt suffix -a from √car (to move)
  Derived from the root √car (to move) with a Kṛt suffix.
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Agent in passive construction with 'hṛtā'.

विमथ्य (vimathya) - having forcibly taken or having seized violently (having crushed, having churned, having forcibly taken)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

prefix vi + root √math (to churn, agitate, crush) + ya (absolutive suffix)

Prefix: vi

Root: math (class 1)

Note: Absolutive.

येन (yena) - by whom, by which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who

Note: Relative pronoun referring to the demon.

सा (sā) - Refers to Sītā. (she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Subject of the passive 'hṛtā'.

कथय (kathaya) - tell, relate, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kathay

Imperative 2nd Person Singular (Causative/Denominative)

root √kath (10th conjugation or denominative from kathā 'story') + aya (causative/10th conj. marker) + a (imperative ending)

Root: kath (class 10)

मम (mama) - my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Possessive adjective.

रिपुम् (ripum) - enemy, foe

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ripu

ripu - enemy, foe, adversary

Note: Object of 'nayāmi'.

तम् (tam) - Refers to the demon (rajanicara). (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun modifying 'ripum'.

अद्य (adya) - today

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, truly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

प्लवगपते (plavagapate) - Refers to Sugrīva. (O lord of monkeys, O king of the vanaras)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of plavagapati

plavagapati - lord of monkeys, king of the vanaras

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (plavaga+pati)

• plavaga – monkey, leaping animal
  noun (masculine)
  from plu 'to leap' and ga 'going'
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Vocative.

यमसम्निधिम् (yamasamnidhim) - to the proximity of Yama, to Yama's presence, to the abode of Yama

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yamasaṃnidhi

yamasaṁnidhi - proximity to Yama, abode of Yama (god of death)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yama+saṃnidhi)

• yama – Yama (god of death), restraint
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: yam (class 1)
• saṃnidhi – proximity, nearness, presence, abode
  noun (masculine)
  prefix sam + root √dhā (to place) + ni
  Prefixes: sam+ni
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Indicates destination.

नयामि (nayāmi) - I lead, I bring, I take

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of nī

Present Indicative 1st Person Singular

root √nī + āmi (present ending)

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Present tense used for a strong future declaration.