वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-6, verse-11

तमब्रवीत्ततो रामः सुग्रीवं प्रियवादिनम् ।
आनयस्व सखे शीघ्रं किमर्थं प्रविलम्बसे ॥११॥

11. tamabravīttato rāmaḥ sugrīvaṃ priyavādinam ,
ānayasva sakhe śīghraṃ kimarthaṃ pravilambase.

11. tam abravīt tataḥ rāmaḥ sugrīvam priyavādinam
ānayasva sakhe śīghram kimartham pravilambase

11. tataḥ rāmaḥ tam priyavādinam sugrīvam abravīt: "sakhe,
śīghram ānayasva! kimartham pravilambase?"

11. Then Rāma spoke to him, to the kindly-speaking Sugrīva: "O friend, bring them quickly! Why are you delaying?"

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Sugriva) (him, that)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, thereupon)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (Rama, pleasing)

• सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugriva (Sugriva (name), having a beautiful neck)

• प्रियवादिनम् (priyavādinam) - kindly-speaking (sweet-spoken, speaking kindly, agreeable in speech)

• आनयस्व (ānayasva) - bring (them) (bring, lead)

• सखे (sakhe) - O friend

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

• किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why (why, for what purpose)

• प्रविलम्बसे (pravilambase) - you are delaying (you delay, you tarry, you hesitate)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Sugriva) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of `abravīt`.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active Indicative

Imperfect tense, third person singular.

Root: brū (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from tad.

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (Rama, pleasing)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a king, incarnation of Vishnu), pleasing, charming

Note: Subject of `abravīt`.

सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugriva (Sugriva (name), having a beautiful neck)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (name of the Vanara king), having a beautiful neck

Compound of su (good) and grīva (neck).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+grīva)

• su – good, well, beautiful
  indeclinable
• grīva – neck
  noun (masculine)

Note: Direct object of `abravīt`.

प्रियवादिनम् (priyavādinam) - kindly-speaking (sweet-spoken, speaking kindly, agreeable in speech)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of priyavādin

priyavādin - speaking kindly, sweet-spoken, agreeable in speech

Compound of priya (dear, pleasing) and vādin (speaking).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (priya+vādin)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing
  adjective (masculine)
• vādin – speaking, speaker
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √vad with ṇini suffix.
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `sugrīvam`.

आनयस्व (ānayasva) - bring (them) (bring, lead)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of ā-nī

Imperative Middle Indicative

Imperative tense, second person singular, middle voice.

Prefix: ā

Root: nī (class 1)

सखे (sakhe) - O friend

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sakhi

sakhi - friend, companion

Masculine noun ending in -i.

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Accusative singular neuter used adverbially.

किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why (why, for what purpose)

(indeclinable)

Compound of kim (what) and artha (purpose, meaning).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kim+artha)

• kim – what, which, why
  pronoun
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

प्रविलम्बसे (pravilambase) - you are delaying (you delay, you tarry, you hesitate)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pra-vilamb

Present Middle Indicative

Present tense, second person singular, middle voice, with upasarga 'pra'.

Prefixes: pra+vi

Root: lamb (class 1)