वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-6, verse-15

सीतास्नेहप्रवृत्तेन स तु बाष्पेण दूषितः ।
हा प्रियेति रुदन्धैर्यमुत्सृज्य न्यपतत् क्षितौ ॥१५॥

15. sītāsnehapravṛttena sa tu bāṣpeṇa dūṣitaḥ ,
hā priyeti rudandhairyamutsṛjya nyapatat kṣitau.

15. sītāsnehapravṛttena saḥ tu bāṣpeṇa dūṣitaḥ hā
priye iti rudan dhairyam utsṛjya nyapatat kṣitau

15. saḥ tu sītāsnehapravṛttena bāṣpeṇa dūṣitaḥ,
hā priye iti rudan,
dhairyam utsṛjya,
kṣitau nyapatat

15. Overwhelmed by tears stemming from his affection for Sita, he cried out, "Alas, my beloved!" and abandoning all courage, collapsed onto the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• सीतास्नेहप्रवृत्तेन (sītāsnehapravṛttena) - by tears/outpouring caused by affection for Sita

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to Rama. (he, that)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• बाष्पेण (bāṣpeṇa) - by tears, with tears

• दूषितः (dūṣitaḥ) - Overcome by grief/tears. (sullied, defiled, corrupted, overcome, distressed)

• हा (hā) - Expressing lamentation. (alas! ah!)

• प्रिये (priye) - Rama addressing Sita. (O dear one! O beloved!)

• इति (iti) - Marks the end of direct speech. (thus, so)

• रुदन् (rudan) - weeping, crying

• धैर्यम् (dhairyam) - courage, fortitude, steadfastness

• उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having given up, having released

• न्यपतत् (nyapatat) - fell down

• क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the ground, on the earth

Words meanings and morphology

सीतास्नेहप्रवृत्तेन (sītāsnehapravṛttena) - by tears/outpouring caused by affection for Sita

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sītāsnehapravṛtta

sītāsnehapravṛtta - caused by affection for Sita

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sītā+sneha+pravṛtta)

• sītā – Sita (wife of Rama)
  proper noun (feminine)
• sneha – affection, love, tenderness, oil
  noun (masculine)
  Root: snih (class 4)
• pravṛtta – issued forth, sprung forth, begun, engaged in
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vṛt (to turn, to exist) with prefix pra-.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Modifies bāṣpeṇa.

सः (saḥ) - Refers to Rama. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, nominative masculine singular.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

बाष्पेण (bāṣpeṇa) - by tears, with tears

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bāṣpa

bāṣpa - tears, vapor, steam

Note: Indicates the agent by which Rama was overcome.

दूषितः (dūṣitaḥ) - Overcome by grief/tears. (sullied, defiled, corrupted, overcome, distressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dūṣita

dūṣita - spoiled, corrupted, defiled, sullied, overcome, distressed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dūṣ (to spoil, to pollute)

Root: dūṣ (class 10)

Note: Predicative adjective for Rama.

हा (hā) - Expressing lamentation. (alas! ah!)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interjection.

प्रिये (priye) - Rama addressing Sita. (O dear one! O beloved!)

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of priyā

priyā - dear one, beloved, wife

इति (iti) - Marks the end of direct speech. (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

रुदन् (rudan) - weeping, crying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rudat

rudat - weeping, crying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root rud (to weep), nominative singular masculine.

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: Describes Rama's state while falling.

धैर्यम् (dhairyam) - courage, fortitude, steadfastness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhairya

dhairya - courage, fortitude, firmness, steadfastness

Derived from dhīra (firm, steady)

Note: Object of utsṛjya.

उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having given up, having released

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root sṛj with prefix ut- and suffix -ya

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Indicates a completed action preceding the main verb.

न्यपतत् (nyapatat) - fell down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of pat

Imperfect Tense

Root pat with prefix ni-. Imperfect 3rd person singular active.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

क्षितौ (kṣitau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of kṣiti

kṣiti - earth, ground, dwelling, abode

Note: Indicates the place of falling.