वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-20, verse-5

उत्तिष्ठ हरिशार्दूल भजस्व शयनोत्तमम् ।
नैवंविधाः शेरते हि भूमौ नृपतिसत्तमाः ॥५॥

5. uttiṣṭha hariśārdūla bhajasva śayanottamam ,
naivaṃvidhāḥ śerate hi bhūmau nṛpatisattamāḥ.

5. uttiṣṭha hariśārdūla bhajasva śayanottamam na
evaṃvidhāḥ śerate hi bhūmau nṛpatisattamāḥ

5. hariśārdūla uttiṣṭha śayanottamam bhajasva hi
evaṃvidhāḥ nṛpatisattamāḥ bhūmau na śerate

5. Rise up, O tiger among monkeys! Recline on your excellent bed. Indeed, such exalted kings do not sleep on the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्तिष्ठ (uttiṣṭha) - Rise up from the ground where you are sleeping in despair. (rise up, stand up, awaken)

• हरिशार्दूल (hariśārdūla) - Addressed to Sugrīva, implying his strength and leadership. (O tiger among monkeys, O best of monkeys)

• भजस्व (bhajasva) - Enjoy or make use of your bed, i.e., go back to sleep on it. (enjoy, resort to, occupy)

• शयनोत्तमम् (śayanottamam) - The comfortable, luxurious bed befitting a king, in contrast to the ground. (the excellent bed, the best bed)

• न (na) - Negates the action of sleeping on the ground for kings. (not, no)

• एवंविधाः (evaṁvidhāḥ) - Referring to kings who are in despair or sleep on the ground. (such, of this kind)

• शेरते (śerate) - Kings of high standing do not recline (sleep) on the ground. (they sleep, they recline)

• हि (hi) - Emphasizes the statement that kings do not sleep on the ground. (indeed, surely, for)

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - Emphasizes the impropriety of Sugrīva sleeping on the earth. (on the ground, on the earth)

• नृपतिसत्तमाः (nṛpatisattamāḥ) - Referring to Sugrīva's royal status, which makes sleeping on the ground inappropriate. (the best of kings, chief of kings)

Words meanings and morphology

उत्तिष्ठ (uttiṣṭha) - Rise up from the ground where you are sleeping in despair. (rise up, stand up, awaken)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of utthā

Imperative active 2nd singular

from ut-√sthā (1P) 'to stand'

Prefix: ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

हरिशार्दूल (hariśārdūla) - Addressed to Sugrīva, implying his strength and leadership. (O tiger among monkeys, O best of monkeys)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of hariśārdūla

hariśārdūla - a tiger among monkeys, best of monkeys, an eminent monkey

A Karmadhāraya compound: hari (monkey) + śārdūla (tiger/best).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (hari+śārdūla)

• hari – monkey, ape, lion
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger, best, foremost, eminent
  noun (masculine)

भजस्व (bhajasva) - Enjoy or make use of your bed, i.e., go back to sleep on it. (enjoy, resort to, occupy)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of bhaj

Imperative middle 2nd singular

from √bhaj (1A) 'to partake, resort to, enjoy'

Root: bhaj (class 1)

शयनोत्तमम् (śayanottamam) - The comfortable, luxurious bed befitting a king, in contrast to the ground. (the excellent bed, the best bed)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śayanottama

śayanottama - the best bed, excellent couch

A Karmadhāraya compound: śayana (bed) + uttama (best).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śayana+uttama)

• śayana – bed, sleeping, couch
  noun (neuter)
  from √śī 'to lie down'
  Root: śī (class 2)
• uttama – best, excellent, highest
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)

न (na) - Negates the action of sleeping on the ground for kings. (not, no)

(indeclinable)

एवंविधाः (evaṁvidhāḥ) - Referring to kings who are in despair or sleep on the ground. (such, of this kind)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of evaṃvidha

evaṁvidha - of this kind, such, such-like

Note: Agrees with nṛpatisattamāḥ

शेरते (śerate) - Kings of high standing do not recline (sleep) on the ground. (they sleep, they recline)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of śī

Present middle 3rd plural

from √śī (2A) 'to lie down' (śete)

Root: śī (class 2)

हि (hi) - Emphasizes the statement that kings do not sleep on the ground. (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

भूमौ (bhūmau) - Emphasizes the impropriety of Sugrīva sleeping on the earth. (on the ground, on the earth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, soil, land

नृपतिसत्तमाः (nṛpatisattamāḥ) - Referring to Sugrīva's royal status, which makes sleeping on the ground inappropriate. (the best of kings, chief of kings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nṛpatisattama

nṛpatisattama - best of kings, most excellent sovereign

A Tatpuruṣa compound: nṛpati (king) + sattama (best).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpati+sattama)

• nṛpati – king, lord of men
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, excellent, chief, highest
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)

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