वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-20, verse-16

कुरुष्व पितरं पुत्र सुदृष्टं धर्मवत्सलम् ।
दुर्लभं दर्शनं त्वस्य तव वत्स भविष्यति ॥१६॥

16. kuruṣva pitaraṃ putra sudṛṣṭaṃ dharmavatsalam ,
durlabhaṃ darśanaṃ tvasya tava vatsa bhaviṣyati.

16. kuruṣva pitaraṃ putra sudṛṣṭaṃ dharmavatsalam
durlabhaṃ darśanaṃ tu asya tava vatsa bhaviṣyati

16. putra! dharmavatsalam pitaraṃ sudṛṣṭaṃ kuruṣva
vatsa! tu asya darśanaṃ tava durlabhaṃ bhaviṣyati

16. O son, gaze well upon your father, who is affectionate towards the constitution (dharma); for indeed, his sight will become rare for you, my child.

Words meanings summery:

• कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - gaze upon, regard (well) (do, make, perform, regard)

• पितरं (pitaraṁ) - father

• पुत्र (putra) - O son

• सुदृष्टं (sudṛṣṭaṁ) - well seen, gazed upon well (implying for the last time) (well seen, clearly seen, properly regarded)

• धर्मवत्सलम् (dharmavatsalam) - affectionate towards the constitution (dharma) (affectionate towards natural law (dharma), righteous)

• दुर्लभं (durlabhaṁ) - rare, difficult to obtain

• दर्शनं (darśanaṁ) - the sight (of him) (sight, seeing, vision, audience)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, yet)

• अस्य (asya) - of your father (of him, his)

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• वत्स (vatsa) - O child, O dear one

• भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - it will be, it will happen

Words meanings and morphology

कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - gaze upon, regard (well) (do, make, perform, regard)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative Middle Indicative

2nd person singular, Imperative Mood, Middle Voice, Ātmanepada, from root kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject is `putra`.

पितरं (pitaraṁ) - father

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Object of `kuruṣva`.

पुत्र (putra) - O son

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Address to Aṅgada.

सुदृष्टं (sudṛṣṭaṁ) - well seen, gazed upon well (implying for the last time) (well seen, clearly seen, properly regarded)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sudṛṣṭa

sudṛṣṭa - well seen, clearly seen, properly observed/regarded

Past Passive Participle

Compound of su- (well) and dṛṣṭa (seen). From √dṛś (to see).

Compound type : karmadharaya (su+dṛṣṭa)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating excellence or completeness.
• dṛṣṭa – seen, observed, perceived
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dṛś (to see) + kta suffix.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `pitaraṃ`.

धर्मवत्सलम् (dharmavatsalam) - affectionate towards the constitution (dharma) (affectionate towards natural law (dharma), righteous)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmavatsala

dharmavatsala - devoted to natural law (dharma), affectionate towards virtue, righteous

Compound of dharma (natural law) and vatsala (affectionate).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+vatsala)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vatsala – affectionate, loving, fond
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from vatsa (calf, child).

Note: Qualifies `pitaraṃ`.

दुर्लभं (durlabhaṁ) - rare, difficult to obtain

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of durlabha

durlabha - difficult to obtain, rare, unattainable

Compound of dur- (difficult, bad) and labha (obtaining, gain).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dur+labha)

• dur – hard, difficult, bad
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty or badness.
• labha – obtaining, gain
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root labh (to obtain).
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for `darśanaṃ`.

दर्शनं (darśanaṁ) - the sight (of him) (sight, seeing, vision, audience)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of darśana

darśana - seeing, vision, sight, perception, audience

Derived from root dṛś (to see) + -ana suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, yet)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Provides emphasis.

अस्य (asya) - of your father (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Masculine/neuter genitive singular of the demonstrative pronoun idam.

Note: Possessive for `darśanaṃ`.

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Genitive singular of yuṣmad.

Note: Possessive for `darśanaṃ` (for you).

वत्स (vatsa) - O child, O dear one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vatsa

vatsa - calf, child, dear one

Note: Address to Aṅgada.

भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - it will be, it will happen

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of bhū

Future Active Indicative

3rd person singular, Future Tense, Active Voice, Parasmaipada, from root bhū.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject is `darśanaṃ`.

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