वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-20, verse-4

रणे दारुणविक्रान्त प्रवीर प्लवतां वर ।
किं दीनामपुरोभागामद्य त्वं नाभिभाषसे ॥४॥

4. raṇe dāruṇavikrānta pravīra plavatāṃ vara ,
kiṃ dīnāmapurobhāgāmadya tvaṃ nābhibhāṣase.

4. raṇe dāruṇavikrānta pravīra plavatām vara kim
dīnām apurobhāgām adya tvam na abhibhāṣase

4. raṇe dāruṇavikrānta pravīra plavatām vara,
tvam adya dīnām apurobhāgām kim na abhibhāṣase

4. “O you who were terribly valorous in battle, O great hero, O best among the monkeys! Why do you not speak to me today, who am miserable and ill-fated?”

Words meanings summery:

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in conflict

• दारुणविक्रान्त (dāruṇavikrānta) - Addressed to Vali (O fiercely valorous one, O terrible in valor)

• प्रवीर (pravīra) - Addressed to Vali (O great hero, O excellent hero)

• प्लवताम् (plavatām) - of the jumpers, of the monkeys

• वर (vara) - Addressed to Vali (O best, O excellent one)

• किम् (kim) - why, what

• दीनाम् (dīnām) - Tara, who is miserable (miserable, wretched)

• अपुरोभागाम् (apurobhāgām) - Tara, who is ill-fated (unfortunate, ill-fated)

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• त्वम् (tvam) - Vali (you)

• न (na) - not

• अभिभाषसे (abhibhāṣase) - you speak to, you address

Words meanings and morphology

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

दारुणविक्रान्त (dāruṇavikrānta) - Addressed to Vali (O fiercely valorous one, O terrible in valor)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dāruṇavikrānta

dāruṇavikrānta - terribly valorous, fiercely mighty

Compound type : karmadharaya (dāruṇa+vikrānta)

• dāruṇa – terrible, dreadful, fierce, cruel
  adjective (masculine)
• vikrānta – valorous, mighty, powerful, brave
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'kram' with prefix 'vi'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

प्रवीर (pravīra) - Addressed to Vali (O great hero, O excellent hero)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pravīra

pravīra - great hero, excellent warrior

Compound type : pradi-tatpurusha (pra+vīra)

• pra – excellent, foremost
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• vīra – hero, warrior
  noun (masculine)

प्लवताम् (plavatām) - of the jumpers, of the monkeys

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of plavat

plavat - jumper, swimmer; monkey

Present Active Participle

From root 'plu' (to jump, swim) with 'śatṛ' suffix

Root: plu (class 1)

वर (vara) - Addressed to Vali (O best, O excellent one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent; choice, boon

किम् (kim) - why, what

(indeclinable)

दीनाम् (dīnām) - Tara, who is miserable (miserable, wretched)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dīna

dīna - miserable, wretched, poor, sad

Note: Refers to the speaker (Tara).

अपुरोभागाम् (apurobhāgām) - Tara, who is ill-fated (unfortunate, ill-fated)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of apurobhāga

apurobhāga - unfortunate, having no good fortune

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+puras+bhāga)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• puras – front, before, formerly
  indeclinable
• bhāga – share, portion, fortune
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the speaker (Tara).

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - Vali (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अभिभाषसे (abhibhāṣase) - you speak to, you address

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of abhi-bhāṣ

Present

Root 'bhāṣ' (to speak) with prefix 'abhi'. Middle voice, 2nd person singular.

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

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