वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-23, verse-9

उद्यतानां हि युद्धार्थं येषां भवति लक्ष्मणः ।
निष्प्रभं वदनं तेषां भवत्यायुः परिक्षयः ॥९॥

9. udyatānāṃ hi yuddhārthaṃ yeṣāṃ bhavati lakṣmaṇaḥ ,
niṣprabhaṃ vadanaṃ teṣāṃ bhavatyāyuḥ parikṣayaḥ.

9. udyatānām hi yuddhārtham yeṣām bhavati lakṣmaṇaḥ
niṣprabham vadanam teṣām bhavati āyuḥ parikṣayaḥ

9. hi yeṣām udyatānām yuddhārtham niṣprabham vadanam bhavati,
teṣām āyuḥ parikṣayaḥ lakṣmaṇaḥ bhavati

9. Indeed, for those who are prepared for battle, when their face becomes devoid of luster, that is a clear indication that their lifespan is approaching its end.

Words meanings summery:

• उद्यतानाम् (udyatānām) - of those who are ready, prepared, engaged

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely

• युद्धार्थम् (yuddhārtham) - for the purpose of battle, for battle

• येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose, of whom, for whom

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - a clear indication (sign, mark, omen)

• निष्प्रभम् (niṣprabham) - lusterless, devoid of splendor, dim

• वदनम् (vadanam) - face, mouth

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - their, of them, for them

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is

• आयुः (āyuḥ) - life, lifespan

• परिक्षयः (parikṣayaḥ) - diminution, destruction, end, loss

Words meanings and morphology

उद्यतानाम् (udyatānām) - of those who are ready, prepared, engaged

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of udyata

udyata - ready, prepared, engaged

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: ud

Root: yam (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

युद्धार्थम् (yuddhārtham) - for the purpose of battle, for battle

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddhārtha

yuddhārtha - purpose of battle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yuddha+artha)

• yuddha – battle, fight
  noun (neuter)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• artha – purpose, meaning, cause
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially

येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose, of whom, for whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yat

yat - who, which, what

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present tense, 3rd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - a clear indication (sign, mark, omen)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - sign, mark, omen, symptom

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

निष्प्रभम् (niṣprabham) - lusterless, devoid of splendor, dim

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of niṣprabha

niṣprabha - lusterless, devoid of splendor, dim

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+prabhā)

• nis – out, forth, without, negation
  indeclinable
• prabhā – splendor, light, radiance
  noun (feminine)

वदनम् (vadanam) - face, mouth

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vadana

vadana - face, mouth

Root: vad (class 1)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - their, of them, for them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present tense, 3rd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

आयुः (āyuḥ) - life, lifespan

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āyus

āyus - life, lifespan, vital power

परिक्षयः (parikṣayaḥ) - diminution, destruction, end, loss

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parikṣaya

parikṣaya - diminution, destruction, end, loss

Prefix: pari

Root: kṣi (class 5)

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