वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-23, verse-24

रामो ऽपि चारयंश्चक्षुः सर्वतो रणपण्डितः ।
ददर्श खरसैन्यं तद् युद्धाभिमुखमुद्यतम् ॥२४॥

24. rāmo'pi cārayaṃścakṣuḥ sarvato raṇapaṇḍitaḥ ,
dadarśa kharasainyaṃ tad yuddhābhimukhamudyatam.

24. rāmaḥ api cārayan cakṣuḥ sarvataḥ raṇapaṇḍitaḥ
dadarśa kharasainyaṃ tat yuddhābhimukham udyatam

24. raṇapaṇḍitaḥ rāmaḥ api sarvataḥ cakṣuḥ cārayan
tat kharasainyaṃ yuddhābhimukham udyatam dadarśa

24. Rama, an expert in warfare, also cast his gaze all around and saw Khara's army, poised and ready for battle.

Words meanings summery:

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• चारयन् (cārayan) - casting (his gaze) (moving, causing to move, casting (eyes))

• चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ) - gaze (eye, sight, gaze)

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - all around (on all sides, everywhere)

• रणपण्डितः (raṇapaṇḍitaḥ) - an expert in warfare (skilled in battle, expert in warfare)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

• खरसैन्यं (kharasainyaṁ) - Khara's army

• तत् (tat) - that

• युद्धाभिमुखम् (yuddhābhimukham) - poised for battle (facing battle, ready for battle)

• उद्यतम् (udyatam) - ready (ready, prepared, lifted up, brandished)

Words meanings and morphology

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a celebrated hero, son of Dasaratha)

From root ram (to delight)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

चारयन् (cārayan) - casting (his gaze) (moving, causing to move, casting (eyes))

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cārayat

car - to move, wander, walk

Present Active Participle (Causative)

Causative stem cāraya from root car, followed by śatṛ suffix

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Nominative singular, modifies rāmaḥ

चक्षुः (cakṣuḥ) - gaze (eye, sight, gaze)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cakṣus

cakṣus - eye, sight, vision

From root cakṣ (to see)

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

Note: Object of the participle cārayan

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - all around (on all sides, everywhere)

(indeclinable)

From sarva (all) + tas suffix

Note: Adverb

रणपण्डितः (raṇapaṇḍitaḥ) - an expert in warfare (skilled in battle, expert in warfare)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of raṇapaṇḍita

raṇapaṇḍita - skilled in battle, expert in war

Tatpurusha compound: raṇa (battle) + paṇḍita (skilled, learned)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (raṇa+paṇḍita)

• raṇa – battle, war, conflict
  noun (masculine)
  From root raṇ (to rejoice, sound)
  Root: raṇ (class 1)
• paṇḍita – learned, wise, skilled, scholar, expert
  adjective (masculine)
  From paṇḍā (wisdom, learning)

Note: Nominative singular, modifies rāmaḥ

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

perfect tense (liṭ)

Reduplicated perfect form of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Third person singular perfect active

खरसैन्यं (kharasainyaṁ) - Khara's army

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kharasainya

kharasainya - Khara's army

Tatpurusha compound: khara (name of a Rākṣasa) + sainya (army)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (khara+sainya)

• khara – Khara (name of a Rākṣasa)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sainya – army, host, military
  noun (neuter)
  From senā (army) + ya suffix

Note: Accusative singular, object of dadarśa

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Accusative singular, modifies kharasainyaṃ

युद्धाभिमुखम् (yuddhābhimukham) - poised for battle (facing battle, ready for battle)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddhābhimukha

yuddhābhimukha - facing battle, ready for war

Compound: yuddha (battle) + abhimukha (facing)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (yuddha+abhimukha)

• yuddha – battle, fight, war
  noun (neuter)
  From root yudh (to fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• abhimukha – facing, fronting, directed towards
  adjective (neuter)
  From abhi + mukha (face)
  Prefix: abhi

Note: Accusative singular, modifies kharasainyaṃ

उद्यतम् (udyatam) - ready (ready, prepared, lifted up, brandished)

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of udyata

udyata - raised, lifted, ready, prepared, strenuous

Past Passive Participle

From ud + root yam (to restrain, lift)

Prefix: ud

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular, modifies kharasainyaṃ

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