वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-23, verse-1

आश्रमं प्रति याते तु खरे खरपराक्रमे ।
तानेवौत्पातिकान् रामः सह भ्रात्रा ददर्श ह ॥१॥

1. āśramaṃ prati yāte tu khare kharaparākrame ,
tānevautpātikān rāmaḥ saha bhrātrā dadarśa ha.

1. āśramam prati yāte tu khare kharaparākrame |
tān eva autpātikān rāmaḥ saha bhrātrā dadarśa ha

1. tu khare kharaparākrame āśramam prati yāte
rāmaḥ saha bhrātrā tān eva autpātikān dadarśa ha

1. But when Khara, of fierce prowess, had gone back to the hermitage (āśrama), Rama, along with his brother, indeed saw those very evil omens.

Words meanings summery:

• आश्रमम् (āśramam) - to the hermitage (āśrama) (hermitage, retreat (āśrama))

• प्रति (prati) - towards, to (towards, to, against, in return)

• याते (yāte) - when (Khara) had gone (having gone, when he had gone)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• खरे (khare) - when Khara (had gone) (in Khara, when Khara)

• खरपराक्रमे (kharaparākrame) - of fierce prowess (of fierce prowess, whose valor is harsh)

• तान् (tān) - those (omens) (those)

• एव (eva) - exactly those (indeed, exactly, only)

• औत्पातिकान् (autpātikān) - evil omens (ominous signs, portents, supernatural occurrences)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

• सह (saha) - with (with, along with)

• भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - with his brother (Lakshmana) (by the brother, with the brother)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw (he saw)

• ह (ha) - indeed (indeed, verily)

Words meanings and morphology

आश्रमम् (āśramam) - to the hermitage (āśrama) (hermitage, retreat (āśrama))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, retreat, a stage of life (āśrama), religious order

From root śram- 'to toil' with prefix ā-. Place of effort/exertion.

Prefix: ā

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Object of preposition 'prati'.

प्रति (prati) - towards, to (towards, to, against, in return)

(indeclinable)

Preposition/prefix, governs accusative.

याते (yāte) - when (Khara) had gone (having gone, when he had gone)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of yāta

yāta - gone, proceeded

Past Passive Participle

From root yā- 'to go'.

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Forms a locative absolute with 'khare'.

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

खरे (khare) - when Khara (had gone) (in Khara, when Khara)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of khara

khara - Khara (proper name, lit. 'sharp, harsh'), donkey

Note: Forms a locative absolute with 'yāte'.

खरपराक्रमे (kharaparākrame) - of fierce prowess (of fierce prowess, whose valor is harsh)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of kharaparākrama

kharaparākrama - having fierce valor/prowess

Compound of khara (fierce, sharp) and parākrama (valor, prowess).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (khara+parākrama)

• khara – fierce, harsh, sharp
  adjective
• parākrama – valor, prowess, heroism, power
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from pra-kram- 'to step forth, be brave'.
  Prefix: parā
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Masculine locative singular, agrees with 'khare'.

तान् (tān) - those (omens) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Modifies 'autpātikān'.

एव (eva) - exactly those (indeed, exactly, only)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

औत्पातिकान् (autpātikān) - evil omens (ominous signs, portents, supernatural occurrences)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of autpātika

autpātika - portentous, calamitous, relating to an omen/prodigy

Derived from utpāta (omen, prodigy) with suffix -ika.

Note: Accusative plural, object of 'dadarśa'.

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (proper name), pleasing, black

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'dadarśa'.

सह (saha) - with (with, along with)

(indeclinable)

Preposition, governs instrumental.

भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - with his brother (Lakshmana) (by the brother, with the brother)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Consonant stem noun ending in -ṛ.

Note: Governed by 'saha'.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw (he saw)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of dṛś

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. Reduplication.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ह (ha) - indeed (indeed, verily)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic or interrogative particle.

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