वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-23, verse-13

एवमुक्तस्तु रामेण लक्ष्मणः सह सीतया ।
शरानादाय चापं च गुहां दुर्गां समाश्रयत् ॥१३॥

13. evamuktastu rāmeṇa lakṣmaṇaḥ saha sītayā ,
śarānādāya cāpaṃ ca guhāṃ durgāṃ samāśrayat.

13. evam uktaḥ tu rāmeṇa lakṣmaṇaḥ saha sītayā
śarān ādāya cāpam ca guhām durgām samāśrayat

13. rāmeṇa evam uktaḥ lakṣmaṇaḥ sītayā saha
śarān cāpam ca ādāya durgām guhām samāśrayat

13. Thus addressed by Rama, Lakshmana, accompanied by Sita, took up his arrows and bow and then sought refuge in the formidable cave.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this manner

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed, said

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rama

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana

• सह (saha) - with, accompanied by

• सीतया (sītayā) - by Sita, with Sita

• शरान् (śarān) - arrows

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having seized

• चापम् (cāpam) - bow

• च (ca) - and

• गुहाम् (guhām) - cave

• दुर्गाम् (durgām) - formidable, difficult to access, inaccessible

• समाश्रयत् (samāśrayat) - he took refuge, he resorted to, he sought shelter

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

Note: Modifies uktaḥ.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed, said

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, addressed

past passive participle

From root वच् (vac) 'to speak'.

Root: वच् (vac) (class 2)

Note: Modifies lakṣmaṇaḥ.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Particle indicating contrast or continuation.

Note: Connects the action to the previous statement.

रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rama

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a king, incarnation of Vishnu)

Note: Agent of uktaḥ.

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (Rama's brother)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

सह (saha) - with, accompanied by

(indeclinable)

Requires instrumental case.

Note: Governs sītayā.

सीतया (sītayā) - by Sita, with Sita

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (daughter of Janaka)

Note: Instrumental singular, governed by saha.

शरान् (śarān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: Object of ādāya.

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having seized

(indeclinable)

absolutive (lyap affix)

From root दा (dā) 'to give' with prefix आ (ā) 'to take', and lyap suffix (indicating prior action).

Prefix: ā

Root: दा (dā) (class 3)

Note: Specifies an action preceding samāśrayat.

चापम् (cāpam) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cāpa

cāpa - bow

Note: Object of ādāya.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects śarān and cāpam.

गुहाम् (guhām) - cave

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of guhā

guhā - cave, grotto

Root: गुह् (guh) (class 1)

Note: Object of samāśrayat.

दुर्गाम् (durgām) - formidable, difficult to access, inaccessible

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of durga

durga - difficult to pass, inaccessible, formidable

dur (difficult) + ga (going).

Root: गम् (gam) (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying guhām.

समाश्रयत् (samāśrayat) - he took refuge, he resorted to, he sought shelter

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (lāṅ) of samāśray

imperfect active 3rd person singular

From root श्रि (śri) 'to resort to' with prefixes सम् (sam) and आ (ā). Imperfect (लाङ् - lāṅ) tense.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: श्रि (śri) (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

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