वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-23, verse-23

तत्त्वनीकं महावेगं रामं समुपसर्पत ।
घृतनानाप्रहरणं गम्भीरं सागरोपमम् ॥२३॥

23. tattvanīkaṃ mahāvegaṃ rāmaṃ samupasarpata ,
ghṛtanānāpraharaṇaṃ gambhīraṃ sāgaropamam.

23. tatvanīkam mahāvegam rāmam samupasarpata
ghṛtanānāpraharaṇam gambhīram sāgaropamam

23. (yūyam) rāmam tatvanīkam mahāvegam ghṛtanānāpraharaṇam
gambhīram sāgaropamam samupasarpata

23. Approach Rama, who is formidable like an army, exceedingly swift, bearing various weapons, profound, and comparable to the ocean.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्वनीकम् (tatvanīkam) - formidable like an army (referring to Rama's prowess) (whose true nature is an army, having the essence of an army, formidable like an army)

• महावेगम् (mahāvegam) - exceedingly swift (describing Rama) (of great speed, very swift)

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

• समुपसर्पत (samupasarpata) - you (plural) approach (approach, go near)

• घृतनानाप्रहरणम् (ghṛtanānāpraharaṇam) - bearing various weapons (describing Rama) (holding various weapons, bearing many kinds of weapons)

• गम्भीरम् (gambhīram) - profound, formidable (describing Rama's nature/presence) (deep, profound, grave, formidable)

• सागरोपमम् (sāgaropamam) - comparable to the ocean (referring to Rama's depth and vastness) (ocean-like, comparable to the ocean)

Words meanings and morphology

तत्वनीकम् (tatvanīkam) - formidable like an army (referring to Rama's prowess) (whose true nature is an army, having the essence of an army, formidable like an army)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tatvanīka

tatvanīka - one whose essence is an army, formidable like an army

Compound of tattva (truth, essence) and anīka (army, host)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (tattva+anīka)

• tattva – truth, reality, essence, true nature
  noun (neuter)
  From tad (that) + tva suffix
• anīka – army, host, front, face, array
  noun (neuter)

Note: Accusative singular, modifying Rāmam

महावेगम् (mahāvegam) - exceedingly swift (describing Rama) (of great speed, very swift)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāvega

mahāvega - great speed, very swift, very impetuous

Compound of mahā (great) and vega (speed)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (mahā+vega)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  Stem form of mahat
• vega – speed, velocity, impulse, current, force
  noun (masculine)
  From root vij (to move rapidly)
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Accusative singular, modifying Rāmam

रामम् (rāmam) - Rama

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a celebrated hero, son of Dasaratha)

From root ram (to delight)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Object of the verb samupasarpata

समुपसर्पत (samupasarpata) - you (plural) approach (approach, go near)

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, present imperative (loṭ) of samupasarp

present imperative

Root sṛp with sam and upa prefixes

Prefixes: sam+upa

Root: sṛp (class 1)

Note: Second person plural imperative, meaning "you (plural) approach"

घृतनानाप्रहरणम् (ghṛtanānāpraharaṇam) - bearing various weapons (describing Rama) (holding various weapons, bearing many kinds of weapons)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghṛtanānāpraharaṇa

ghṛtanānāpraharaṇa - holding various weapons

Bahuvrihi compound: ghṛta (held) + nānāpraharaṇa (various weapons)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (ghṛta+nānā+praharaṇa)

• ghṛta – held, seized, grasped
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of dhṛ (to hold), used here in a compound to mean "held."
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• nānā – various, manifold, diverse
  indeclinable
• praharaṇa – weapon, instrument of striking
  noun (neuter)
  From pra + hṛ (to strike)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular, modifying Rāmam

गम्भीरम् (gambhīram) - profound, formidable (describing Rama's nature/presence) (deep, profound, grave, formidable)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gambhīra

gambhīra - deep, profound, serious, grave, formidable

From root gam (to go) in the sense of 'deep-going'

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular, modifying Rāmam

सागरोपमम् (sāgaropamam) - comparable to the ocean (referring to Rama's depth and vastness) (ocean-like, comparable to the ocean)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sāgaropama

sāgaropama - ocean-like, comparable to the ocean

Compound of sāgara (ocean) and upama (comparison, likeness)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (sāgara+upama)

• sāgara – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)
  Related to sagara (with sā prefix meaning 'with water')
• upama – comparison, simile, likeness, resemblance
  noun (feminine)
  From upa + mā (to measure, compare)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Accusative singular, modifying Rāmam

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