वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-97, verse-15

तं मत्तमिव मातङ्गं निःश्वसन्तं पुनः पुनः ।
भ्रातरं भरतं रामः परिष्वज्येदमब्रवीत् ॥१५॥

15. taṃ mattamiva mātaṅgaṃ niḥśvasantaṃ punaḥ punaḥ ,
bhrātaraṃ bharataṃ rāmaḥ pariṣvajyedamabravīt.

15. tam mattam iva mātaṅgam niḥśvasantam punaḥ punaḥ
bhrātaram bharatam rāmaḥ pariṣvajya idam abravīt

15. rāmaḥ mattam mātaṅgam iva punaḥ punaḥ niḥśvasantam
tam bhrātaram bharatam pariṣvajya idam abravīt

15. Rama embraced his brother Bharata, who was sighing repeatedly like a frenzied elephant, and then said this.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Referring to Bharata (him, that (masculine))

• मत्तम् (mattam) - intoxicated, maddened, frenzied, proud

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• मातङ्गम् (mātaṅgam) - elephant

• निःश्वसन्तम् (niḥśvasantam) - sighing, breathing out, exhaling

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again

• पुनः (punaḥ) - In conjunction with the previous 'punaḥ' meaning 'repeatedly' (again)

• भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - brother

• भरतम् (bharatam) - Bharata

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

• परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - having embraced

• इदम् (idam) - Referring to the following speech (this, this (thing))

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Referring to Bharata (him, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मत्तम् (mattam) - intoxicated, maddened, frenzied, proud

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of matta

matta - intoxicated, maddened, frenzied, excited, proud

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root mad (to be intoxicated/frenzied)

Root: mad (class 4)

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

मातङ्गम् (mātaṅgam) - elephant

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mātaṅga

mātaṅga - elephant, a man of low caste

निःश्वसन्तम् (niḥśvasantam) - sighing, breathing out, exhaling

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of niḥśvasat

niḥśvasat - sighing, exhaling

Present Active Participle

Derived from root śvas (to breathe) with prefix niḥ

Prefix: niḥ

Root: śvas (class 2)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - In conjunction with the previous 'punaḥ' meaning 'repeatedly' (again)

(indeclinable)

भ्रातरम् (bhrātaram) - brother

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

भरतम् (bharatam) - Bharata

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name of Rama's brother), one who is maintained/cherished

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a Hindu deity, a prince of Ayodhya)

परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - having embraced

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root svaj (to embrace) with prefix pari, using -ya suffix due to prefix

Prefix: pari

Root: svaj (class 1)

इदम् (idam) - Referring to the following speech (this, this (thing))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

imperfect (laṅ)

Root brū, 3rd person singular, active voice, imperfect tense. Augment 'a' and irregular formation.

Root: brū (class 2)