वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-52, verse-15

भरतः कुशलं वाच्यो वाच्यो मद्वचनेन च ।
सर्वास्वेव यथान्यायं वृत्तिं वर्तस्व मातृषु ॥१५॥

15. bharataḥ kuśalaṃ vācyo vācyo madvacanena ca ,
sarvāsveva yathānyāyaṃ vṛttiṃ vartasva mātṛṣu.

15. bharataḥ kuśalam vācyaḥ vācyaḥ mad-vacanena ca
sarvāsu eva yathā-nyāyam vṛttim vartasva mātṛṣu

15. bharataḥ kuśalam ca mad-vacanena vācyaḥ vācyaḥ.
(tvam) sarvāsu eva mātṛṣu yathā-nyāyam vṛttim vartasva

15. And Bharata is to be conveyed my well-being, indeed, he is to be told by my words. (Tell him:) 'Towards all mothers, conduct yourself with proper behavior (dharma), as is right and just.'

Words meanings summery:

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata (Bharata (proper noun))

• कुशलम् (kuśalam) - (convey) well-being (well-being, welfare, prosperity)

• वाच्यः (vācyaḥ) - is to be conveyed/told (to be spoken, to be said, to be told)

• वाच्यः (vācyaḥ) - he is to be told (indeed) (to be spoken, to be said, to be told)

• मद्-वचनेन (mad-vacanena) - by my words (by my words, by my command)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सर्वासु (sarvāsu) - towards all (mothers) (in all, to all)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, certainly, only)

• यथा-न्यायम् (yathā-nyāyam) - as is right and just (according to justice, properly, rightly)

• वृत्तिम् (vṛttim) - (maintain) proper behavior (dharma) (conduct, behavior, mode of life, livelihood)

• वर्तस्व (vartasva) - conduct yourself (behave, conduct yourself, exist, turn)

• मातृषु (mātṛṣu) - towards (all) mothers (among mothers, in mothers, towards mothers)

Words meanings and morphology

भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata (Bharata (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name of Rama's brother), cherished, supported

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implicit statement 'is to be told'.

कुशलम् (kuśalam) - (convey) well-being (well-being, welfare, prosperity)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kuśala

kuśala - well-being, clever, skillful

Note: Object of `vācyaḥ`.

वाच्यः (vācyaḥ) - is to be conveyed/told (to be spoken, to be said, to be told)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vācya

vācya - to be spoken, expressible, laudable

Gerundive

Derived from root 'vac' (to speak) with suffix -ya

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Predicate for `bharataḥ` and `kuśalam`.

वाच्यः (vācyaḥ) - he is to be told (indeed) (to be spoken, to be said, to be told)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vācya

vācya - to be spoken, expressible, laudable

Gerundive

Derived from root 'vac' (to speak) with suffix -ya

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Repetition of `vācyaḥ` for emphasis, indicating 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

मद्-वचनेन (mad-vacanena) - by my words (by my words, by my command)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mat-vacana

mat-vacana - my words, my command

Compound of mat (my) and vacana (word/speech)

Compound type : tatpurusha (mad+vacana)

• mad – my, mine (genitive form of first person pronoun)
  pronoun
• vacana – speech, word, statement, command
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root 'vac' (to speak)
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Specifies the means by which Bharata is to be told.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the repeated `vācyaḥ` with `mad-vacanena`.

सर्वासु (sarvāsu) - towards all (mothers) (in all, to all)

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every

Note: Agrees with `mātṛṣu`. Locative used with `vartasva` to mean 'towards'.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, certainly, only)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes `sarvāsu`.

यथा-न्यायम् (yathā-nyāyam) - as is right and just (according to justice, properly, rightly)

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva compound of 'yathā' (as) and 'nyāyam' (justice/right)

Compound type : avyayibhava (yathā+nyāya)

• yathā – as, just as, in what manner
  indeclinable
• nyāya – justice, rule, method, propriety
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially, modifying `vartasva vṛttim`.

वृत्तिम् (vṛttim) - (maintain) proper behavior (dharma) (conduct, behavior, mode of life, livelihood)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vṛtti

vṛtti - conduct, course, mode of life, behavior, livelihood

Derived from root 'vṛt' (to be, exist, turn)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Object of `vartasva` (here meaning 'to maintain/observe conduct').

वर्तस्व (vartasva) - conduct yourself (behave, conduct yourself, exist, turn)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (lot) of vṛt

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Command to Bharata.

मातृषु (mātṛṣu) - towards (all) mothers (among mothers, in mothers, towards mothers)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Locative case indicating 'among' or 'towards'.

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