वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-105, verse-23

शृङ्गवेरपुराद्भूय अयोध्यां संददर्श ह ।
भरतो दुःखसंतप्तः सारथिं चेदमब्रवीत् ॥२३॥

23. śṛṅgaverapurādbhūya ayodhyāṃ saṃdadarśa ha ,
bharato duḥkhasaṃtaptaḥ sārathiṃ cedamabravīt.

23. śṛṅgaverapurāt bhūya ayodhyām saṃdadarśa ha
bharataḥ duḥkhasaṃtaptaḥ sārathim ca idam abravīt

23. duḥkhasaṃtaptaḥ bharataḥ śṛṅgaverapurāt bhūya
ayodhyām saṃdadarśa ha ca idam sārathim abravīt

23. From Shringaverapura, Bharata, greatly afflicted by sorrow, indeed beheld Ayodhya again and spoke the following to his charioteer.

Words meanings summery:

• शृङ्गवेरपुरात् (śṛṅgaverapurāt) - from Sringaverapura

• भूय (bhūya) - again, further, repeatedly

• अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - Ayodhya (city name)

• संददर्श (saṁdadarśa) - he saw, he beheld

• ह (ha) - indeed, verily

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata (proper name)

• दुःखसंतप्तः (duḥkhasaṁtaptaḥ) - afflicted by sorrow, deeply distressed by suffering

• सारथिम् (sārathim) - charioteer

• च (ca) - and

• इदम् (idam) - this (referring to the following speech) (this)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

शृङ्गवेरपुरात् (śṛṅgaverapurāt) - from Sringaverapura

(proper noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of śṛṅgaverapura

śṛṅgaverapura - Sringaverapura (name of a city)

Note: Indicates origin or departure point.

भूय (bhūya) - again, further, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - Ayodhya (city name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ayodhyā

ayodhyā - Ayodhya (name of a famous city)

Note: Object of 'saṃdadarśa'

संददर्श (saṁdadarśa) - he saw, he beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dṛś

Prefix: sam

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ह (ha) - indeed, verily

(indeclinable)

भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name of a king, brother of Rama)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

दुःखसंतप्तः (duḥkhasaṁtaptaḥ) - afflicted by sorrow, deeply distressed by suffering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhasaṃtapta

duḥkhasaṁtapta - afflicted by sorrow, tormented by suffering

Compound type : tatpurusha (duḥkha+saṃtapta)

• duḥkha – sorrow, suffering, pain, unhappiness
  noun (neuter)
• saṃtapta – heated, tormented, distressed, afflicted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix sam + root tap
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Adjective for 'bharataḥ'.

सारथिम् (sārathim) - charioteer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer, driver

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this (referring to the following speech) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Refers to the speech that follows.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū/vac (class 2)