वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-105, verse-1

ततः शिरसि कृत्वा तु पादुके भरतस्तदा ।
आरुरोह रथं हृष्टः शत्रुघ्नेन समन्वितः ॥१॥

1. tataḥ śirasi kṛtvā tu pāduke bharatastadā ,
āruroha rathaṃ hṛṣṭaḥ śatrughnena samanvitaḥ.

1. tataḥ śirasi kṛtvā tu pāduke bharataḥ tadā
āruroha ratham hṛṣṭaḥ śatrughnena samanvitaḥ

1. tataḥ tadā bharataḥ tu pāduke śirasi kṛtvā
hṛṣṭaḥ śatrughnena samanvitaḥ ratham āruroha

1. Then, having placed the sandals on his head, Bharata, delighted and accompanied by Shatrughna, ascended the chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

• शिरसि (śirasi) - on the head, in the head

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having placed

• तु (tu) - but, and, indeed

• पादुके (pāduke) - two sandals

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• आरुरोह (āruroha) - ascended, climbed

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - delighted, glad, joyful

• शत्रुघ्नेन (śatrughnena) - by Shatrughna

• समन्वितः (samanvitaḥ) - accompanied, endowed with, possessed of

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

शिरसि (śirasi) - on the head, in the head

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having placed

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

absolutive form of root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: In this context, "having placed".

तु (tu) - but, and, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Connective particle.

पादुके (pāduke) - two sandals

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, dual of pādukā

pādukā - sandal, shoe

Note: Can also be nominative dual, but accusative fits the context of "placed".

भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (proper name)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

आरुरोह (āruroha) - ascended, climbed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of āruh

Perfect

Perfect 3rd person singular of ā-ruh

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Note: Object of `āruroha`.

हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - delighted, glad, joyful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - delighted, glad, joyful

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root hṛṣ

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with `bharataḥ`.

शत्रुघ्नेन (śatrughnena) - by Shatrughna

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śatrughna

śatrughna - Shatrughna (proper name), slayer of enemies

Note: Indicates agency or accompaniment.

समन्वितः (samanvitaḥ) - accompanied, endowed with, possessed of

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samanvita

samanvita - accompanied, joined, endowed with

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of sam-anu-i

Prefixes: sam+anu

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `bharataḥ`.