वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-54, verse-20

विवर्धमानो वीर्येण समुद्र इव पर्वणि ।
हतमेव तदा मेने वसिष्ठमृषिसत्तमम् ॥२०॥

20. vivardhamāno vīryeṇa samudra iva parvaṇi ,
hatameva tadā mene vasiṣṭhamṛṣisattamam.

20. vivardhamānaḥ vīryeṇa samudraḥ iva parvaṇi
hatam eva tadā mene vasiṣṭham ṛṣisattamam

20. vivardhamānaḥ vīryeṇa parvaṇi samudraḥ iva
tadā vasiṣṭham ṛṣisattamam hatam eva mene

20. Increasing in strength (vīrya) like the ocean on the full moon day, he then considered Vasiṣṭha, the foremost of sages, to be certainly slain.

Words meanings summery:

• विवर्धमानः (vivardhamānaḥ) - increasing in power (growing, increasing, thriving)

• वीर्येण (vīryeṇa) - by (his) prowess (by valor, by strength, by energy)

• समुद्रः (samudraḥ) - ocean, sea

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• पर्वणि (parvaṇi) - on a full moon day (when tides are highest, symbolizing peak power) (on a knot, on a joint, on a festival day, on a lunar day (full/new moon))

• हतम् (hatam) - slain, killed, destroyed

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• मेने (mene) - he thought, he considered, he believed

• वसिष्ठम् (vasiṣṭham) - The sage Vasiṣṭha (Vasiṣṭha (a proper noun))

• ऋषिसत्तमम् (ṛṣisattamam) - the best of sages

Words meanings and morphology

विवर्धमानः (vivardhamānaḥ) - increasing in power (growing, increasing, thriving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vivardhamāna

vivardhamāna - growing, increasing, thriving

Present Active Participle

From 'vi' + root 'vṛdh' (to grow, increase) + 'śānac' (active participle suffix for ātmanepada verbs).

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

वीर्येण (vīryeṇa) - by (his) prowess (by valor, by strength, by energy)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vīrya

vīrya - valor, strength, energy, prowess (vīrya)

From 'vīra' (hero).

समुद्रः (samudraḥ) - ocean, sea

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea

From 'sam' + 'udra' (from 'und' to wet).

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

पर्वणि (parvaṇi) - on a full moon day (when tides are highest, symbolizing peak power) (on a knot, on a joint, on a festival day, on a lunar day (full/new moon))

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of parvan

parvan - knot, joint, section, festival, lunar day (new or full moon)

हतम् (hatam) - slain, killed, destroyed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'han' (to strike, kill) + 'kta' (past passive participle suffix).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'vasiṣṭham'.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From pronoun 'tad' + 'dā' suffix.

मेने (mene) - he thought, he considered, he believed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of man

Perfect tense, 3rd person, singular, ātmanepada.

Root 'man' (to think), perfect tense, 3rd person, singular, ātmanepada.

Root: man (class 4)

वसिष्ठम् (vasiṣṭham) - The sage Vasiṣṭha (Vasiṣṭha (a proper noun))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - Vasiṣṭha (name of a prominent sage), wealthiest, best

Superlative form of 'vasu' (good, wealthy).

ऋषिसत्तमम् (ṛṣisattamam) - the best of sages

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṛṣisattama

ṛṣisattama - best of sages

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ṛṣi+sattama)

• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'sat' (good, existing).