वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-54, verse-14

किमर्थं तप्यसे राजन्ब्रूहि यत्ते विवक्षितम् ।
वरदो ऽस्मि वरो यस्ते काङ्क्षितः सो ऽभिधीयताम् ॥१४॥

14. kimarthaṃ tapyase rājanbrūhi yatte vivakṣitam ,
varado'smi varo yaste kāṅkṣitaḥ so'bhidhīyatām.

14. kim artham tapyase rājan brūhi yat te vivakṣitam
varadaḥ asmi varaḥ yaḥ te kāṅkṣitaḥ saḥ abhidhīyatām

14. O King, for what purpose are you performing austerities (tapas)? Tell me what is desired by you. I am a giver of boons; let that boon which is desired by you be stated.

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what (for 'for what purpose') (what, which, why)

• अर्थम् (artham) - for the purpose of (for the purpose of, sake, meaning)

• तप्यसे (tapyase) - you perform austerities (tapas) (you perform austerities, you are heated)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressing Vishvamitra who was a king before becoming a sage) (O king)

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell (me) (speak, tell)

• यत् (yat) - what (is desired) (which, what, that)

• ते (te) - by you (for 'vivakṣitam') (to you, by you, your)

• विवक्षितम् (vivakṣitam) - desired, wished for (desired, intended, spoken, wished for)

• वरदः (varadaḥ) - I am the giver of boons (giver of boons, boon-bestowing)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• वरः (varaḥ) - the boon (boon, wish, choice)

• यः (yaḥ) - which (boon) (which, who)

• ते (te) - by you (referring to Vishvamitra) (by you, to you, your)

• काङ्क्षितः (kāṅkṣitaḥ) - desired (by you) (desired, wished for, longed for)

• सः (saḥ) - that (boon) (he, that, that (boon))

• अभिधीयताम् (abhidhīyatām) - let it be stated/told (by you) (let it be stated, let it be told)

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what (for 'for what purpose') (what, which, why)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why

Note: Functions as an adverbial accusative for 'why/for what'.

अर्थम् (artham) - for the purpose of (for the purpose of, sake, meaning)

(indeclinable)

तप्यसे (tapyase) - you perform austerities (tapas) (you perform austerities, you are heated)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of tap

Root: tap (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressing Vishvamitra who was a king before becoming a sage) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell (me) (speak, tell)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

यत् (yat) - what (is desired) (which, what, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

ते (te) - by you (for 'vivakṣitam') (to you, by you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Can be interpreted as 'to you' (dative of interest) or 'your' (genitive). With 'vivakṣitam', it's 'what is intended by you'.

विवक्षितम् (vivakṣitam) - desired, wished for (desired, intended, spoken, wished for)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vac

vac - to speak, to say

past passive participle

Desiderative stem from root 'vac' (to speak) + past passive participle suffix '-ta'. Lit. 'wished to be spoken' or 'intended'.

Prefix: vi

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'is' (implied verb) and refers to 'yat'.

वरदः (varadaḥ) - I am the giver of boons (giver of boons, boon-bestowing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of varada

varada - giver of boons, bestowing wishes

agent noun

Derived from 'vara' (boon) and root 'dā' (to give).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vara+da)

• vara – boon, wish, choice, excellent
  noun (masculine)
• da – giving, bestowing (agentive suffix from dā)
  adjective
  kṛt suffix
  From root 'dā' (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Predicate adjective for Shiva, the speaker.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

वरः (varaḥ) - the boon (boon, wish, choice)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - boon, wish, choice, excellent

यः (yaḥ) - which (boon) (which, who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

ते (te) - by you (referring to Vishvamitra) (by you, to you, your)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Serves as the agent of the past passive participle 'kāṅkṣitaḥ'.

काङ्क्षितः (kāṅkṣitaḥ) - desired (by you) (desired, wished for, longed for)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāṅkṣ

kāṅkṣ - to desire, to long for, to wish

past passive participle

Derived from root 'kāṅkṣ' + past passive participle suffix '-ita'.

Root: kāṅkṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'varaḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - that (boon) (he, that, that (boon))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative to 'yaḥ'.

अभिधीयताम् (abhidhīyatām) - let it be stated/told (by you) (let it be stated, let it be told)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of dhā

passive imperative

Root 'dhā' with prefix 'abhi', passive stem 'dhīya', imperative 3rd singular suffix '-tām'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: The implied agent is 'by you' (te).