वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-50, verse-22

नगराणि च राष्ट्राणि सरितश्च तथा गिरीन् ।
आश्रमान् क्रमशो राजा विचरन्नाजगामह ॥२२॥

22. nagarāṇi ca rāṣṭrāṇi saritaśca tathā girīn ,
āśramān kramaśo rājā vicarannājagāmaha.

22. nagarāṇi ca rāṣṭrāṇi saritaḥ ca tathā girīn
āśramān kramaśaḥ rājā vicaran ājagāmaha

22. rājā kramaśaḥ nagarāṇi ca rāṣṭrāṇi ca
saritaḥ tathā girīn āśramān vicaran ājagāmaha

22. The king, wandering successively through cities, kingdoms, rivers, mountains, and hermitages (āśrama), arrived.

Words meanings summery:

• नगराणि (nagarāṇi) - cities, towns

• च (ca) - and, also

• राष्ट्राणि (rāṣṭrāṇi) - kingdoms, countries, states

• सरितः (saritaḥ) - rivers

• च (ca) - and, also

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, also

• गिरीन् (girīn) - mountains

• आश्रमान् (āśramān) - hermitages, abodes

• क्रमशः (kramaśaḥ) - successively, in due order

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• विचरन् (vicaran) - wandering, traversing, moving about

• आजगामह (ājagāmaha) - arrived, reached

Words meanings and morphology

नगराणि (nagarāṇi) - cities, towns

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of nagara

nagara - city, town

Note: Object of 'vicaran'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

राष्ट्राणि (rāṣṭrāṇi) - kingdoms, countries, states

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of rāṣṭra

rāṣṭra - kingdom, country, state

Note: Object of 'vicaran'.

सरितः (saritaḥ) - rivers

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sarit

sarit - river, stream

From root sṛ (to flow).

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'vicaran'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, also

(indeclinable)

गिरीन् (girīn) - mountains

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of giri

giri - mountain, hill

Root: gṝ (class 6)

Note: Object of 'vicaran'.

आश्रमान् (āśramān) - hermitages, abodes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, abode, stage of life (āśrama)

From ā-śram (to exert, to practice austerity).

Prefix: ā

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Object of 'vicaran'.

क्रमशः (kramaśaḥ) - successively, in due order

(indeclinable)

Formed with suffix -śaḥ.

Root: kram (class 1)

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

विचरन् (vicaran) - wandering, traversing, moving about

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicarat

vicarat - wandering, moving about, traversing

Present Active Participle

From verb vi-car (to wander).

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the king (rājā).

आजगामह (ājagāmaha) - arrived, reached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ājagāma

Perfect Tense

From root gam with prefix ā-. The 'ha' is an enclitic for emphasis or meter, commonly seen in epic Sanskrit.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)