वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-4, verse-4

कुशीलवौ तु धर्मज्ञौ राजपुत्रौ यशस्विनौ ।
भ्रातरौ स्वरसंपन्नौ ददर्शाश्रमवासिनौ ॥४॥

4. kuśīlavau tu dharmajñau rājaputrau yaśasvinau ,
bhrātarau svarasaṃpannau dadarśāśramavāsinau.

4. kuśīlavau tu dharmajñau rājaputrau yaśasvinau
bhrātarau svarasaṃpannau dadarśa āśramavāsinau

4. saḥ (implied) tu dharmajñau rājaputrau yaśasvinau
bhrātarau svarasaṃpannau āśramavāsinau kuśīlavau dadarśa

4. He saw the two bards (kuśīlavau), who were knowers of righteous conduct (dharma), princes, glorious, brothers, endowed with melodious voices, and residing in the hermitage (āśrama).

Words meanings summery:

• कुशीलवौ (kuśīlavau) - the two bards, the two singers

• तु (tu) - indeed, and, but

• धर्मज्ञौ (dharmajñau) - the two who know righteous conduct

• राजपुत्रौ (rājaputrau) - the two princes

• यशस्विनौ (yaśasvinau) - the two glorious ones, the two famous ones

• भ्रातरौ (bhrātarau) - the two brothers

• स्वरसंपन्नौ (svarasaṁpannau) - the two endowed with melodious voices

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

• आश्रमवासिनौ (āśramavāsinau) - the two residents of the hermitage

Words meanings and morphology

कुशीलवौ (kuśīlavau) - the two bards, the two singers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kuśīlava

kuśīlava - bard, singer, actor

तु (tu) - indeed, and, but

(indeclinable)

धर्मज्ञौ (dharmajñau) - the two who know righteous conduct

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of dharmajña

dharmajña - knower of dharma, righteous, knowing duty

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, law, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• jña – knower, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root jñā 'to know'.
  Root: jñā (class 9)

राजपुत्रौ (rājaputrau) - the two princes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of rājaputra

rājaputra - prince, king's son

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+putra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

यशस्विनौ (yaśasvinau) - the two glorious ones, the two famous ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - famous, glorious, renowned

Derived from yaśas (fame) with the suffix -vin.

भ्रातरौ (bhrātarau) - the two brothers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

स्वरसंपन्नौ (svarasaṁpannau) - the two endowed with melodious voices

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of svarasaṃpanna

svarasaṁpanna - endowed with (good) voice/sound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svara+saṃpanna)

• svara – sound, voice, tone, accent
  noun (masculine)
• saṃpanna – endowed with, accomplished, complete
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root pad with prefix sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: pad (class 4)

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

आश्रमवासिनौ (āśramavāsinau) - the two residents of the hermitage

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of āśramavāsin

āśramavāsin - resident of a hermitage

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āśrama+vāsin)

• āśrama – hermitage, आश्रम
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śram (class 4)
• vāsin – dwelling, resident, inhabitant
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from the root vas 'to dwell'.
  Root: vas (class 1)