वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-4, verse-23

आसीनः काञ्चने दिव्ये स च सिंहासने प्रभुः ।
उपोपविष्टैः सचिवैर्भ्रातृभिश्च परंतपः ॥२३॥

23. āsīnaḥ kāñcane divye sa ca siṃhāsane prabhuḥ ,
upopaviṣṭaiḥ sacivairbhrātṛbhiśca paraṃtapaḥ.

23. āsīnaḥ kāñcane divye saḥ ca siṃhāsane prabhuḥ
upopaviṣṭaiḥ sacivaiḥ bhrātṛbhiḥ ca paraṃtapaḥ

23. saḥ ca prabhuḥ paraṃtapaḥ divye kāñcane siṃhāsane
āsīnaḥ upopaviṣṭaiḥ sacivaiḥ ca bhrātṛbhiḥ

23. And he, the lord, the scorcher of foes (paraṃtapa), was seated on a splendid golden throne, surrounded by ministers and brothers who sat near him.

Words meanings summery:

• आसीनः (āsīnaḥ) - seated, sitting

• काञ्चने (kāñcane) - on the golden, made of gold

• दिव्ये (divye) - on the divine, splendid

• सः (saḥ) - he

• च (ca) - and

• सिंहासने (siṁhāsane) - on the throne (lion-seat)

• प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - lord, master, powerful

• उपोपविष्टैः (upopaviṣṭaiḥ) - by those seated near, by those closely seated

• सचिवैः (sacivaiḥ) - by ministers, by companions

• भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - by brothers

• च (ca) - and

• परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - scorcher of foes, tormentor of enemies

Words meanings and morphology

आसीनः (āsīnaḥ) - seated, sitting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āsīna

āsīna - seated, sitting, settled

Past Active Participle

Root ās (to sit) with suffix śāna (resulting in īna).

Root: ās (class 2)

काञ्चने (kāñcane) - on the golden, made of gold

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of kāñcana

kāñcana - golden, made of gold, gold

दिव्ये (divye) - on the divine, splendid

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of divya

divya - divine, heavenly, splendid, beautiful, celestial

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he/she/it

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सिंहासने (siṁhāsane) - on the throne (lion-seat)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of siṃhāsana

siṁhāsana - throne (lit. lion-seat)

Compound type : tatpurusha (siṃha+āsana)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• āsana – seat, sitting, posture
  noun (neuter)
  Noun from verb
  Root ās (to sit) with suffix ana.
  Root: ās (class 2)

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - lord, master, powerful

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, sovereign, powerful, capable

Noun formed from verb

Root bhū (to be, become) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

उपोपविष्टैः (upopaviṣṭaiḥ) - by those seated near, by those closely seated

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of upopaviṣṭa

upopaviṣṭa - seated near, sitting close by, sitting beside

Past Passive Participle

Root viś (to enter, sit) with prefixes upa and upa (denoting proximity).

Prefixes: upa+upa

Root: viś (class 6)

सचिवैः (sacivaiḥ) - by ministers, by companions

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of saciva

saciva - minister, companion, associate, attendant

भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - by brothers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - scorcher of foes, tormentor of enemies

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - scorcher of foes, tormentor of enemies, a hero or mighty warrior

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (para+tap)

• para – other, enemy, foe
  pronoun
• tap – to heat, burn, torment, vex
  verb
  Root: tap (class 1)