वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-4, verse-18

एवं प्रशस्यमानौ तौ तपःश्लाघ्यैर्महर्षिभिः ।
संरक्ततरमत्यर्थं मधुरं तावगायताम् ॥१८॥

18. evaṃ praśasyamānau tau tapaḥślāghyairmaharṣibhiḥ ,
saṃraktataramatyarthaṃ madhuraṃ tāvagāyatām.

18. evam praśasyamānau tau tapaḥślāghyaiḥ maharṣibhiḥ
| saṃraktataram atyartham madhuram tau agāyatām

18. evam tapaḥślāghyaiḥ maharṣibhiḥ praśasyamānau
tau atyartham saṃraktataram madhuram agāyatām

18. Thus, being praised by the great sages who were esteemed for their asceticism (tapas), those two sang even more charmingly and exceedingly sweetly.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• प्रशस्यमानौ (praśasyamānau) - being praised, being lauded

• तौ (tau) - those two

• तपःश्लाघ्यैः (tapaḥślāghyaiḥ) - by those praised for their asceticism, by those esteemed for their austerities

• महर्षिभिः (maharṣibhiḥ) - by the great sages

• संरक्ततरम् (saṁraktataram) - more charmingly, more passionately

• अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly, greatly, very much

• मधुरम् (madhuram) - sweetly, pleasantly

• तौ (tau) - those two

• अगायताम् (agāyatām) - they two sang

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

प्रशस्यमानौ (praśasyamānau) - being praised, being lauded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of praśasyamāna

praśasyamāna - being praised, being lauded

Present Passive Participle

Derived from the root √śaṃs (to praise) with upasarga 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

तपःश्लाघ्यैः (tapaḥślāghyaiḥ) - by those praised for their asceticism, by those esteemed for their austerities

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tapaḥślāghya

tapaḥślāghya - esteemed for one's asceticism (tapas)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (tapas+ślāghya)

• tapas – asceticism, austerities, heat
  noun (neuter)
• ślāghya – praiseworthy, commendable, esteemed
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Derived from the root √ślāgh (to praise)
  Root: ślāgh (class 1)

महर्षिभिः (maharṣibhiḥ) - by the great sages

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage, exalted seer

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (mahā+ṛṣi)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

संरक्ततरम् (saṁraktataram) - more charmingly, more passionately

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃraktatara

saṁraktatara - more charming, more impassioned, more melodious

Comparative degree of 'saṃrakta'

अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly, greatly, very much

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of atyartha

atyartha - excessive, very great, exceedingly

Compound type : Avyayībhāva (ati+artha)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding, very
  indeclinable
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

मधुरम् (madhuram) - sweetly, pleasantly

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madhura

madhura - sweet, pleasant, charming, melodious

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

अगायताम् (agāyatām) - they two sang

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of gai

Root: gai (class 1)