वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-4, verse-1

प्राप्तराज्यस्य रामस्य वाल्मीकिर्भगवानृषिः ।
चकार चरितं कृत्स्नं विचित्रपदमात्मवान् ॥१॥

1. prāptarājyasya rāmasya vālmīkirbhagavānṛṣiḥ ,
cakāra caritaṃ kṛtsnaṃ vicitrapadamātmavān.

1. prāptarājyasya rāmasya vālmīkiḥ bhagavān ṛṣiḥ
cakāra caritam kṛtsnam vicitrapadam ātmavān

1. vālmīkiḥ bhagavān ṛṣiḥ ātmavān prāptarājyasya
rāmasya kṛtsnam vicitrapadam caritam cakāra

1. The venerable sage Valmiki, possessed of great wisdom, composed the entire story of Rama, who had attained his kingdom, using wondrous words.

Words meanings summery:

• प्राप्तराज्यस्य (prāptarājyasya) - of Rama, who had attained his kingdom (of one who has obtained a kingdom)

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

• वाल्मीकिः (vālmīkiḥ) - Valmiki

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - venerable (venerable, glorious, blessed, divine)

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage (sage, seer)

• चकार (cakāra) - he composed (he made, he did, he composed)

• चरितम् (caritam) - story, biography (story, conduct, life, deed)

• कृत्स्नम् (kṛtsnam) - entire (whole, entire, complete)

• विचित्रपदम् (vicitrapadam) - with wondrous words (having wonderful words, of varied expressions)

• आत्मवान् (ātmavān) - possessed of great wisdom (wise, resolute, endowed with a soul/self, firm-minded)

Words meanings and morphology

प्राप्तराज्यस्य (prāptarājyasya) - of Rama, who had attained his kingdom (of one who has obtained a kingdom)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of prāptarājya

prāptarājya - one who has obtained a kingdom

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'prāptaṃ rājyaṃ yena saḥ' (one by whom a kingdom has been obtained).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prāpta+rājya)

• prāpta – obtained, attained, reached
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'āp' (to obtain) with prefix 'pra'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)
• rājya – kingdom, sovereignty, reign
  noun (neuter)
  From 'rājan' (king) + 'ya' (suffix).
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rāmasya'.

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a celebrated ancient king, the seventh avatar of Vishnu)

Note: Possessive, indicating whose story it is.

वाल्मीकिः (vālmīkiḥ) - Valmiki

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vālmīki

vālmīki - Valmiki (the revered author of the Ramayana)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

भगवान् (bhagavān) - venerable (venerable, glorious, blessed, divine)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - venerable, glorious, blessed, divine, fortunate, prosperous

From 'bhaga' (fortune, excellence) + 'vat' (possessive suffix).

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vālmīkiḥ'.

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage (sage, seer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

From root 'ṛṣ' (to go, to move).

Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vālmīkiḥ'.

चकार (cakāra) - he composed (he made, he did, he composed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect Tense (Liṭ)

From root 'kṛ' (class 8), perfect active, 3rd person singular.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

चरितम् (caritam) - story, biography (story, conduct, life, deed)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of carita

carita - conduct, behavior, life, story, biography

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

PPP of 'car' (to move, to go, to act).

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Object of 'cakāra'.

कृत्स्नम् (kṛtsnam) - entire (whole, entire, complete)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - whole, entire, complete, all

Note: Agrees with 'caritam'.

विचित्रपदम् (vicitrapadam) - with wondrous words (having wonderful words, of varied expressions)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vicitrapada

vicitrapada - having varied or wonderful words, of beautiful expressions

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'vicitrāṇi padāni yasya tat' (that of which the words are varied/wondrous).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vicitra+pada)

• vicitra – varied, diverse, wonderful, beautiful
  adjective
• pada – word, foot, step, part
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'caritam'.

आत्मवान् (ātmavān) - possessed of great wisdom (wise, resolute, endowed with a soul/self, firm-minded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātmavat

ātmavat - endowed with a soul (ātman), wise, resolute, intelligent, firm-minded

Formed from 'ātman' (self, soul) + 'matup' (possessive suffix).

Note: Agrees with 'vālmīkiḥ'.