वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-4, verse-21

प्रशस्यमानौ सर्वत्र कदा चित्तत्र गायकौ ।
रथ्यासु राजमार्गेषु ददर्श भरताग्रजः ॥२१॥

21. praśasyamānau sarvatra kadā cittatra gāyakau ,
rathyāsu rājamārgeṣu dadarśa bharatāgrajaḥ.

21. praśasyamānau sarvatra kadā cit tatra gāyakau
rathyāsu rājamārgeṣu dadarśa bharatāgrajaḥ

21. kadācit bharatāgrajaḥ sarvatra praśasyamānau
gāyakau tatra rathyāsu rājamārgeṣu dadarśa

21. Once, Bharata's elder brother (Rama) saw the two singers, who were being praised everywhere, in the streets and on the royal highways.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रशस्यमानौ (praśasyamānau) - being praised, being glorified

• सर्वत्र (sarvatra) - everywhere, in all places

• कदा (kadā) - when, at what time

• चित् (cit) - (an enclitic particle, forms indefinite pronouns/adverbs)

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• गायकौ (gāyakau) - two singers

• रथ्यासु (rathyāsu) - in the streets

• राजमार्गेषु (rājamārgeṣu) - on the royal highways

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw, perceived

• भरताग्रजः (bharatāgrajaḥ) - Bharata's elder brother (Rama)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रशस्यमानौ (praśasyamānau) - being praised, being glorified

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of praśasyamāna

praśasyamāna - being praised, lauded, extolled

Present Passive Participle

Root śaṃs (to praise) with prefix pra, suffix śyamāna.

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

सर्वत्र (sarvatra) - everywhere, in all places

(indeclinable)

कदा (kadā) - when, at what time

(indeclinable)

चित् (cit) - (an enclitic particle, forms indefinite pronouns/adverbs)

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

गायकौ (gāyakau) - two singers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of gāyaka

gāyaka - singer, chanter, precentor

Agent noun

Root gai (to sing) with suffix aka.

Root: gai (class 1)

रथ्यासु (rathyāsu) - in the streets

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of rathyā

rathyā - street, high road, main road

राजमार्गेषु (rājamārgeṣu) - on the royal highways

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of rājamārga

rājamārga - royal road, highway, main street

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+mārga)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• mārga – path, road, way, street
  noun (masculine)

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw, perceived

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

भरताग्रजः (bharatāgrajaḥ) - Bharata's elder brother (Rama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharatāgraja

bharatāgraja - elder brother of Bharata (an epithet for Rama)

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+agraja)

• bharata – Bharata (name of a king or brother of Rama)
  proper noun (masculine)
• agraja – elder brother, first-born
  noun (masculine)
  Root jan (to be born) with prefix agra (front) and suffix ja.
  Prefix: agra
  Root: jan (class 4)