वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-35, verse-3

विस्तरं विस्तरज्ञो ऽसि दिव्यमानुषसंभवम् ।
त्रीन्पथो हेतुना केन पावयेल् लोकपावनी ॥३॥

3. vistaraṃ vistarajño'si divyamānuṣasaṃbhavam ,
trīnpatho hetunā kena pāvayel lokapāvanī.

3. vistaram vistara-jñaḥ asi divya-mānuṣa-saṃbhavam
trīn pathaḥ hetunā kena pāvayet loka-pāvanī

3. tvam vistara-jñaḥ asi; (tasyāḥ caritam) vistaram divya-mānuṣa-saṃbhavam (kathayasva).
loka-pāvanī kena hetunā trīn pathaḥ pāvayet?

3. You are indeed a knower of details, so please elaborate on her origin, which is both divine and human. By what cause does the purifier of worlds purify the three realms?

Words meanings summery:

• विस्तरम् (vistaram) - (tell) in detail, the full account (extensively, in detail, expansion)

• विस्तर-ज्ञः (vistara-jñaḥ) - you are a knower of details (knower of details, expert in elaboration)

• असि (asi) - you are (a knower of details) (you are)

• दिव्य-मानुष-संभवम् (divya-mānuṣa-saṁbhavam) - (her) origin (which is) both divine and human (whose origin is divine and human, of divine and human birth)

• त्रीन् (trīn) - three (paths/realms) (three)

• पथः (pathaḥ) - the three realms (heaven, earth, underworld) (paths, ways)

• हेतुना (hetunā) - by what cause/reason (by reason, by cause, on account of)

• केन (kena) - by what (reason) (by what, by whom)

• पावयेत् (pāvayet) - does she purify (may she purify, she would purify)

• लोक-पावनी (loka-pāvanī) - Gaṅgā, the purifier of the worlds (purifier of the worlds)

Words meanings and morphology

विस्तरम् (vistaram) - (tell) in detail, the full account (extensively, in detail, expansion)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vistara

vistara - extension, expanse, detail, elaboration, full account

From root stṛ- (to spread) with vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: stṛ (class 5)

Note: Object of implied verb 'speak' or 'tell'.

विस्तर-ज्ञः (vistara-jñaḥ) - you are a knower of details (knower of details, expert in elaboration)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vistara-jña

vistara-jña - knower of details, skilled in detail

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vistara+jña)

• vistara – detail, elaboration
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: stṛ (class 5)
• jña – knower, understanding
  adjective (masculine)
  From root jñā- (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Predicate adjective for the implicit 'you'.

असि (asi) - you are (a knower of details) (you are)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present tense, 2nd person singular

Irregular conjugation.

Root: as (class 2)

दिव्य-मानुष-संभवम् (divya-mānuṣa-saṁbhavam) - (her) origin (which is) both divine and human (whose origin is divine and human, of divine and human birth)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of divya-mānuṣa-saṃbhava

divya-mānuṣa-saṁbhava - of divine and human origin

Compound

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (divya+mānuṣa+saṃbhava)

• divya – divine, heavenly
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'div' (heaven)
• mānuṣa – human, mortal
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'manuşya' (man)
• saṃbhava – origin, birth, production
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhū- (to be) with saṃ-.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `vistaram` or an implied noun.

त्रीन् (trīn) - three (paths/realms) (three)

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies 'pathaḥ'.

पथः (pathaḥ) - the three realms (heaven, earth, underworld) (paths, ways)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pathin

pathin - path, way, course

Note: Object of 'pāvayet'.

हेतुना (hetunā) - by what cause/reason (by reason, by cause, on account of)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hetu

hetu - cause, reason, motive, instrument

Root: hi (class 5)

Note: Agent/instrumental for 'pāvayet'.

केन (kena) - by what (reason) (by what, by whom)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun.

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

पावयेत् (pāvayet) - does she purify (may she purify, she would purify)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of pū

Optative/Potential mood, 3rd person singular (causative stem)

Causative stem 'pāvi' from root pū-, then optative.

Root: pū (class 1)

लोक-पावनी (loka-pāvanī) - Gaṅgā, the purifier of the worlds (purifier of the worlds)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of loka-pāvanī

loka-pāvanī - purifier of the worlds

Compound with feminine suffix.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+pāvanī)

• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lok (class 1)
• pāvanī – purifier (feminine)
  adjective (feminine)
  Agent Noun / Active Participle
  Derived from causative stem pāvi- + ṇī (feminine)
  Root: pū (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'pāvayet'.