वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-3, verse-2

उपस्पृश्योदकं संयन्मुनिः स्थित्वा कृताञ्जलिः ।
प्राचीनाग्रेषु दर्भेषु धर्मेणान्वेषते गतिम् ॥२॥

2. upaspṛśyodakaṃ saṃyanmuniḥ sthitvā kṛtāñjaliḥ ,
prācīnāgreṣu darbheṣu dharmeṇānveṣate gatim.

2. upaspṛśya udakam saṁyan muniḥ sthitvā kṛtāñjaliḥ
prācīnāgreṣu darbheṣu dharmeṇa anveṣate gatim

2. saṁyan muniḥ upaspṛśya udakam kṛtāñjaliḥ sthitvā
prācīnāgreṣu darbheṣu dharmeṇa gatim anveṣate

2. The self-controlled (saṃyan) sage (muni), having performed a ritual ablution, stood with folded hands (kṛtāñjaliḥ) on darbha grass with tips pointing east, and then investigates the path (gati) according to natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• उपस्पृश्य (upaspṛśya) - having performed a ritual purification with water (having touched, having performed ablution)

• उदकम् (udakam) - water

• संयन् (saṁyan) - controlling oneself, self-controlled

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic, seer

• स्थित्वा (sthitvā) - having stood, having remained

• कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands, having made the añjali gesture

• प्राचीनाग्रेषु (prācīnāgreṣu) - on the darbha grass whose tips point towards the east (on (those) with eastward tips)

• दर्भेषु (darbheṣu) - on the darbha grass

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by natural law, according to natural law (dharma)

• अन्वेषते (anveṣate) - investigates, searches, seeks

• गतिम् (gatim) - the future course of events or destiny (path, course, destiny, state)

Words meanings and morphology

उपस्पृश्य (upaspṛśya) - having performed a ritual purification with water (having touched, having performed ablution)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Derived from root √spṛś (to touch) with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: spṛś (class 6)

उदकम् (udakam) - water

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of udaka

udaka - water

संयन् (saṁyan) - controlling oneself, self-controlled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṁyat

saṁyat - self-controlled, restrained, disciplined

Present Active Participle

From root √yam (to restrain) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'muniḥ'

मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic, seer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, hermit, seer, inspired person

स्थित्वा (sthitvā) - having stood, having remained

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Derived from root √sthā (to stand) with suffix -tvā.

Root: sthā (class 1)

कृताञ्जलिः (kṛtāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands, having made the añjali gesture

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtāñjali

kṛtāñjali - having made the añjali (reverential gesture with folded hands)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+añjali)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √kṛ (to do, to make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• añjali – reverential gesture of folded hands, hollow of the hands
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'muniḥ'

प्राचीनाग्रेषु (prācīnāgreṣu) - on the darbha grass whose tips point towards the east (on (those) with eastward tips)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of prācīnāgra

prācīnāgra - having its fore-part or top towards the east

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prācīna+agra)

• prācīna – eastern, eastward, ancient
  adjective (neuter)
• agra – tip, front, point
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'darbheṣu'

दर्भेषु (darbheṣu) - on the darbha grass

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of darbha

darbha - darbha grass (a sacred grass used in rituals)

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by natural law, according to natural law (dharma)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

अन्वेषते (anveṣate) - investigates, searches, seeks

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of anveṣate

Present Tense

Derived from root √iṣ (to seek) with prefix anu.

Prefix: anu

Root: iṣ (class 4)

गतिम् (gatim) - the future course of events or destiny (path, course, destiny, state)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, motion, path, course, condition, destiny, spiritual state

Root: gam (class 1)