मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-5, verse-23
उत्पन्नौ यमजौ माद्रयां शक्ररूपौ महाद्युती ।
पञ्चधा भगवानित्थमवतीर्णः शतक्रतुः ॥२३॥
पञ्चधा भगवानित्थमवतीर्णः शतक्रतुः ॥२३॥
23. utpannau yamajau mādrayāṃ śakrarūpau mahādyutī .
pañcadhā bhagavānitthamavatīrṇaḥ śatakratuḥ.
pañcadhā bhagavānitthamavatīrṇaḥ śatakratuḥ.
23.
utpannau yamajau mādrāyām śakrarūpau mahādyutī
pañcadā bhagavān ittham avatīrṇaḥ śatakratuḥ
pañcadā bhagavān ittham avatīrṇaḥ śatakratuḥ
23.
The splendid twins, resembling Śakra (Indra), were born from Mādri. Thus, the revered Śatakratu (Indra) himself descended in five forms.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- उत्पन्नौ (utpannau) - born (referring to the twins) (born, produced, manifested)
- यमजौ (yamajau) - twins (Nakula and Sahadeva) (twins)
- माद्रायाम् (mādrāyām) - from Mādri (in Mādri, from Mādri)
- शक्ररूपौ (śakrarūpau) - resembling Indra (Śakra) (having the form of Śakra, resembling Śakra)
- महाद्युती (mahādyutī) - of great splendor (of great splendor, very luminous)
- पञ्चदा (pañcadā) - in five forms (in five ways, in five parts, fivefold)
- भगवान् (bhagavān) - the revered one (revered, divine, glorious, fortunate)
- इत्थम् (ittham) - thus, in this manner (thus, in this manner, so)
- अवतीर्णः (avatīrṇaḥ) - descended (descended, incarnated, come down)
- शतक्रतुः (śatakratuḥ) - Śatakratu (Indra) (Śatakratu (epithet of Indra, 'he of a hundred sacrifices'))
Words meanings and morphology
उत्पन्नौ (utpannau) - born (referring to the twins) (born, produced, manifested)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, dual of utpanna
utpanna - born, produced, arisen, manifested
Past Passive Participle
From ut- (prefix) + √pad (to go, move) + kta (suffix for PPP)
Prefix: ut
Root: pad (class 4)
यमजौ (yamajau) - twins (Nakula and Sahadeva) (twins)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, dual of yamaja
yamaja - twin-born, twins
From yama (twin) + ja (born)
Compound type : tatpurusha (yama+ja)
- yama – twin, Yama (god of death)
noun (masculine) - ja – born, produced from
adjective
From √jan (to be born)
Root: jan (class 4)
माद्रायाम् (mādrāyām) - from Mādri (in Mādri, from Mādri)
(proper noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of mādrī
mādrī - Mādri (one of Pāṇḍu's wives, mother of Nakula and Sahadeva)
Note: The locative case can sometimes denote origin ('from') in certain contexts.
शक्ररूपौ (śakrarūpau) - resembling Indra (Śakra) (having the form of Śakra, resembling Śakra)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, dual of śakrarūpa
śakrarūpa - having the form or appearance of Śakra (Indra)
Compound
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śakra+rūpa)
- śakra – Indra (epithet: the mighty one)
proper noun (masculine) - rūpa – form, appearance, image
noun (neuter)
Note: Adjective agreeing with yamajau and utpannau.
महाद्युती (mahādyutī) - of great splendor (of great splendor, very luminous)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, dual of mahādyuti
mahādyuti - of great splendor, very brilliant, illustrious
Compound
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+dyuti)
- mahā – great, mighty, large
adjective - dyuti – splendor, brilliance, light
noun (feminine)
Note: Adjective agreeing with yamajau.
पञ्चदा (pañcadā) - in five forms (in five ways, in five parts, fivefold)
(indeclinable)
From pañca (five) + dhā (suffix indicating manner)
भगवान् (bhagavān) - the revered one (revered, divine, glorious, fortunate)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat
bhagavat - divine, revered, fortunate, glorious; the Lord, the Blessed One
Present Active Participle (often substantivized)
From bhaga (fortune) + vat (possessive suffix), or as PPP from √bhaj (to partake, enjoy)
Root: bhaj (class 1)
Note: Referring to Śatakratu.
इत्थम् (ittham) - thus, in this manner (thus, in this manner, so)
(indeclinable)
अवतीर्णः (avatīrṇaḥ) - descended (descended, incarnated, come down)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of avatīrṇa
avatīrṇa - descended, incarnated, come down, passed over
Past Passive Participle
From ava- (prefix) + √tṛ (to cross, pass over) + kta (suffix for PPP)
Prefix: ava
Root: tṛ (class 1)
Note: Agrees with śatakratuḥ and bhagavān.
शतक्रतुः (śatakratuḥ) - Śatakratu (Indra) (Śatakratu (epithet of Indra, 'he of a hundred sacrifices'))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śatakratu
śatakratu - Indra (lit. 'he of a hundred sacrifices' or 'hundred-powered')
Compound
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śata+kratu)
- śata – hundred
numeral (neuter) - kratu – sacrifice, power, resolve, intellect
noun (masculine)
Note: Refers to Indra.