मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम् mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam - chapter-112, verse-17

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यस्मान्मां वैश्य इत्याह भवती तेन ते शपे ।
वैश्या भविष्यसीत्युक्ते प्रसाद्योक्तो मया मुनिः ।
नापराधं कृतवती तवाहं द्विजसत्तम ।
अन्यासामपराधेन किमर्थं शप्तवानसि ॥१७॥

17. yasmānmāṃ vaiśya ityāha bhavatī tena te śape .
vaiśyā bhaviṣyasītyukte prasādyokto mayā muniḥ .
nāparādhaṃ kṛtavatī tavāhaṃ dvijasattama .
anyāsāmaparādhena kimarthaṃ śaptavānasi.

17. yasmāt mām vaiśya iti āha bhavatī tena te śape
vaiśyā bhaviṣyasi iti ukte prasādya uktaḥ mayā
muniḥ na aparādham kṛtavatī tava aham dvijasattama
anyāsām aparādhena kimartham śaptavān asi

17. "Because you, madam, called me a vaiśya, I therefore curse you: you shall become a vaiśya woman!" When this was said, I, having appeased the sage, spoke to him: "O best among the twice-born (dvijasattama), I have committed no offense against you. Why have you cursed me on account of the offense of others?"

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because (because, since, from which)

माम् (mām) - me (the sage) (me (accusative of I))

वैश्य (vaiśya) - a member of the vaiśya (merchant/farmer) caste (a vaiśya, merchant, farmer)

इति (iti) - marks the preceding word "vaiśya" as reported speech (thus, so, in this manner)

आह (āha) - you (feminine companion) said (said, spoke)

भवती (bhavatī) - one of the female companions (addressed by the sage) (you (feminine, polite))

तेन (tena) - therefore (due to that action of calling him a vaiśya) (by that, therefore, with that)

ते (te) - to you (the companion being cursed) (to you, for you, your)

शपे (śape) - I (the sage) curse (I curse, I swear)

वैश्या (vaiśyā) - a woman of the vaiśya caste (a vaiśya woman, female merchant/farmer)

भविष्यसि (bhaviṣyasi) - you (the companion) will become (a vaiśya woman) (you will be, you will become)

इति (iti) - marks the preceding curse as reported speech (thus, so, in this manner)

उक्ते (ukte) - when this (curse) was said (when said, having been said)

प्रसाद्य (prasādya) - having appeased (the sage) (having appeased, having propitiated)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - (the sage) was spoken to, addressed (said, spoken, told)

मया (mayā) - by me (the female companion) (by me)

मुनिः (muniḥ) - the sage (Agastya's brother) (sage, ascetic)

न (na) - not

अपराधम् (aparādham) - any offense or fault (offense, fault, crime)

कृतवती (kṛtavatī) - I (the companion) have committed (an offense) (I have done, I have committed)

तव (tava) - against you (the sage) (your, to you)

अहम् (aham) - I (the female companion) (I)

द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among the twice-born (addressed to the sage) (O best among the twice-born (brahmins))

अन्यासाम् (anyāsām) - of other female companions (of others, of other women)

अपराधेन (aparādhena) - by the offense (committed by other women) (by the offense, by the fault)

किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why (have you cursed me) (for what purpose, why)

शप्तवान् (śaptavān) - you (the sage) who has cursed (one who has cursed)

असि (asi) - you are

Words meanings and morphology

यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because (because, since, from which)

(indeclinable)

Note: Ablative singular of 'yad' functioning as a conjunctive adverb.

माम् (mām) - me (the sage) (me (accusative of I))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Refers to the sage.

वैश्य (vaiśya) - a member of the vaiśya (merchant/farmer) caste (a vaiśya, merchant, farmer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaiśya

vaiśya - a member of the vaiśya caste, relating to the viś (people)

Derived from 'viś' (people/settlement) + 'ya' suffix.

इति (iti) - marks the preceding word "vaiśya" as reported speech (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

आह (āha) - you (feminine companion) said (said, spoke)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Root 'vac' is irregular in Perfect. 'āha' is 2nd/3rd singular perfect. Contextually, 2nd person (you).

Root: vac (class 2)

भवती (bhavatī) - one of the female companions (addressed by the sage) (you (feminine, polite))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (polite form), your honor

Present participle of 'bhū' used as a pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

तेन (tena) - therefore (due to that action of calling him a vaiśya) (by that, therefore, with that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Instrumental singular masculine/neuter. Used as an adverb.

ते (te) - to you (the companion being cursed) (to you, for you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Enclitic form of 2nd person pronoun, dative/genitive singular. Here dative (to you).

शपे (śape) - I (the sage) curse (I curse, I swear)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śap

Present Middle

1st person singular present middle voice.

Root: śap (class 1)

वैश्या (vaiśyā) - a woman of the vaiśya caste (a vaiśya woman, female merchant/farmer)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vaiśyā

vaiśyā - a vaiśya woman, female merchant, female farmer

Feminine form of 'vaiśya'.

Note: Predicative noun with 'bhaviṣyasi'.

भविष्यसि (bhaviṣyasi) - you (the companion) will become (a vaiśya woman) (you will be, you will become)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of bhū

Future Active

2nd person singular future tense.

Root: bhū (class 1)

इति (iti) - marks the preceding curse as reported speech (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

उक्ते (ukte) - when this (curse) was said (when said, having been said)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √vac (to speak) + kta (P.P.P. suffix).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Locative singular neuter, used in a locative absolute construction 'when said'.

प्रसाद्य (prasādya) - having appeased (the sage) (having appeased, having propitiated)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from pra-√sad (to be pleased, to be gracious) + lyaP (absolutive suffix with prefix).

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - (the sage) was spoken to, addressed (said, spoken, told)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √vac (to speak) + kta (P.P.P. suffix).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Nominative singular masculine, agrees with 'muniḥ'. The phrase 'prasādya uktaḥ mayā muniḥ' means "the sage, having been appeased, was spoken to by me."

मया (mayā) - by me (the female companion) (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

मुनिः (muniḥ) - the sage (Agastya's brother) (sage, ascetic)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer

Note: Subject of 'uktaḥ'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अपराधम् (aparādham) - any offense or fault (offense, fault, crime)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aparādha

aparādha - offense, fault, crime, transgression

'apa' (away) + 'rādha' (accomplishment, success), hence failure/offense.

Prefix: apa

Root: rādh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'kṛtavatī'.

कृतवती (kṛtavatī) - I (the companion) have committed (an offense) (I have done, I have committed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛtavat

kṛtavat - one who has done, done

Past Active Participle

Derived from √kṛ (to do, to make) + ktavatU (P.A.P. suffix). Feminine form.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'aham'.

तव (tava) - against you (the sage) (your, to you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Can imply "against you" in context of an offense.

अहम् (aham) - I (the female companion) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among the twice-born (addressed to the sage) (O best among the twice-born (brahmins))

(compound)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+sattama)

dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya, bird, tooth)
noun (masculine)
From 'dvi' (two) + 'ja' (born).
Root: jan (class 4)
sattama – best, most excellent
adjective (masculine)
Superlative suffix 'tamaP' added to 'sat' (good, existing, excellent).

अन्यासाम् (anyāsām) - of other female companions (of others, of other women)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

अपराधेन (aparādhena) - by the offense (committed by other women) (by the offense, by the fault)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of aparādha

aparādha - offense, fault, crime, transgression

'apa' (away) + 'rādha' (accomplishment, success), hence failure/offense.

Prefix: apa

Root: rādh (class 4)

किमर्थम् (kimartham) - why (have you cursed me) (for what purpose, why)