मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-112, verse-11
सुरतो नाम राजर्षिः प्रागासीद्गन्धमादने ।
तपस्वी नियताहारस्त्यक्तसङ्गो वनाश्रयः ॥११॥
तपस्वी नियताहारस्त्यक्तसङ्गो वनाश्रयः ॥११॥
11. surato nāma rājarṣiḥ prāgāsīdgandhamādane .
tapasvī niyatāhārastyaktasaṅgo vanāśrayaḥ.
tapasvī niyatāhārastyaktasaṅgo vanāśrayaḥ.
11.
surataḥ nāma rājarṣiḥ prāk āsīt gandhamādane
| tapasvī niyatāhāraḥ tyaktasaṅgaḥ vanāśrayaḥ
| tapasvī niyatāhāraḥ tyaktasaṅgaḥ vanāśrayaḥ
11.
Formerly, in Gandhamādana, there was a royal sage named Surata. He was an ascetic (tapasvin) with a controlled diet, who had renounced attachment, and who dwelled in the forest.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सुरतः (surataḥ) - Surata (proper name)
- नाम (nāma) - named, by name
- राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - a royal sage (a king who became a sage)
- प्राक् (prāk) - formerly, previously, before
- आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed
- गन्धमादने (gandhamādane) - in Gandhamādana (a mountain)
- तपस्वी (tapasvī) - an ascetic, one who performs `tapas` (asceticism)
- नियताहारः (niyatāhāraḥ) - one whose diet is controlled, regulated in food
- त्यक्तसङ्गः (tyaktasaṅgaḥ) - one who has abandoned attachment, free from worldly ties
- वनाश्रयः (vanāśrayaḥ) - residing in the forest, one who has the forest as refuge
Words meanings and morphology
सुरतः (surataḥ) - Surata (proper name)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of surata
surata - delighting much, charming, beautiful; a proper name
नाम (nāma) - named, by name
(indeclinable)
Note: Used adverbially.
राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - a royal sage (a king who became a sage)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājarṣi
rājarṣi - a royal sage (a king who has attained the status of a sage through ascetic practices)
Compound type : karmadhāraya (rājan+ṛṣi)
- rājan – king, ruler
noun (masculine) - ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
noun (masculine)
प्राक् (prāk) - formerly, previously, before
(indeclinable)
आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, Past Imperfect (laṅ) of as
Root: as (class 2)
गन्धमादने (gandhamādane) - in Gandhamādana (a mountain)
(proper noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of gandhamādana
gandhamādana - name of a mythical mountain range known for its fragrant forests
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gandha+mādana)
- gandha – smell, fragrance, perfume
noun (masculine) - mādana – intoxicating, exhilarating, gladdening
adjective (neuter)
Agent noun/adjective from causal of mad
From root 'mad' (to be intoxicated) with causal '-ay' and suffix '-ana'.
Root: mad (class 4)
तपस्वी (tapasvī) - an ascetic, one who performs `tapas` (asceticism)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tapasvin
tapasvin - one who practices austerity (tapas), an ascetic, a devotee
Derived from 'tapas' with the suffix '-vin' indicating possession.
Note: Original term used for asceticism (tapas).
नियताहारः (niyatāhāraḥ) - one whose diet is controlled, regulated in food
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of niyatāhāra
niyatāhāra - one whose food is restricted or regulated, abstemious in diet
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (niyata+āhāra)
- niyata – controlled, restrained, fixed, regulated
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From prefix 'ni-' and root 'yam' (to restrain).
Prefix: ni
Root: yam (class 1) - āhāra – food, diet, sustenance
noun (masculine)
From prefix 'ā-' and root 'hṛ' (to take).
Prefix: ā
Root: hṛ (class 1)
त्यक्तसङ्गः (tyaktasaṅgaḥ) - one who has abandoned attachment, free from worldly ties
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tyaktasaṅga
tyaktasaṅga - having abandoned attachment, free from worldly ties
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tyakta+saṅga)
- tyakta – abandoned, forsaken, renounced
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root 'tyaj' (to abandon) with suffix '-kta'.
Root: tyaj (class 1) - saṅga – attachment, association, connection
noun (masculine)
From prefix 'sam-' and root 'gam' (to go) or 'sañj' (to cling).
Prefix: sam
Root: gam/sañj (class 1)
वनाश्रयः (vanāśrayaḥ) - residing in the forest, one who has the forest as refuge
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vanāśraya
vanāśraya - taking refuge in the forest, dwelling in the forest
Compound type : tatpuruṣa/bahuvrīhi (vana+āśraya)
- vana – forest, wood, grove
noun (neuter) - āśraya – refuge, shelter, dwelling, resort
noun (masculine)
From prefix 'ā-' and root 'śri' (to resort to).
Prefix: ā
Root: śri (class 1)