महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-13, verse-2

निवर्तयित्वा तु रथं केशवोऽर्जुनमब्रवीत् ।
वाहयन्नेव तुरगान्गरुडानिलरंहसः ॥२॥

2. nivartayitvā tu rathaṁ keśavo'rjunamabravīt ,
vāhayanneva turagāngaruḍānilaraṁhasaḥ.

2. nivartayitvā tu ratham keśavaḥ arjunam abravīt
| vāhayan eva turagān garuḍa-anila-raṃhasaḥ

2. tu keśavaḥ ratham nivartayitvā,
garuḍa-anila-raṃhasaḥ turagān eva vāhayan arjunam abravīt.

2. But Keśava, having turned back the chariot, spoke to Arjuna, while still driving the horses whose swiftness was like that of Garuḍa and the wind.

Words meanings summery:

• निवर्तयित्वा (nivartayitvā) - having turned back (having turned back, having caused to return)

• तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• रथम् (ratham) - the chariot (chariot)

• केशवः (keśavaḥ) - Keśava (Keśava (Krishna))

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - to Arjuna

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (said, spoke)

• वाहयन् (vāhayan) - while driving (driving, causing to move, carrying)

• एव (eva) - still (indeed, only, just, still)

• तुरगान् (turagān) - the horses (horses)

• गरुड-अनिल-रंहसः (garuḍa-anila-raṁhasaḥ) - whose swiftness was like that of Garuḍa and the wind (whose swiftness is like Garuḍa and the wind)

Words meanings and morphology

निवर्तयित्वा (nivartayitvā) - having turned back (having turned back, having caused to return)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from causal form of root `vṛt` (to turn) with prefix `ni` and suffix `ktvā`.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

रथम् (ratham) - the chariot (chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ram (class 1)

केशवः (keśavaḥ) - Keśava (Keśava (Krishna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Krishna (a name for Vishnu), having fine hair

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - to Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (one of the Pandava brothers), white, silvery

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active

Root `brū` (to speak), imperfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Finite verb.

वाहयन् (vāhayan) - while driving (driving, causing to move, carrying)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāhayan

vāhayan - driving, conveying, causing to flow

Present Active Participle

Derived from causal form of root `vah` (to carry, drive) with suffix `śatṛ`.

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Describes `keśavaḥ` performing an action concurrently with the main verb.

एव (eva) - still (indeed, only, just, still)

(indeclinable)

तुरगान् (turagān) - the horses (horses)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of turaga

turaga - horse, swift-going

From `tura` (swift) + `ga` (going).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tura+ga)

• tura – swift, quick
  adjective
• ga – going, moving, mover
  adjective
  Derived from root `gam` (to go) with suffix `ḍa`.
  Root: gam (class 1)

गरुड-अनिल-रंहसः (garuḍa-anila-raṁhasaḥ) - whose swiftness was like that of Garuḍa and the wind (whose swiftness is like Garuḍa and the wind)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of garuḍa-anila-raṃhas

garuḍa-anila-raṁhas - having the swiftness of Garuḍa and wind

Compound meaning "speed like Garuḍa and wind".

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (garuḍa+anila+raṃhas)

• garuḍa – Garuḍa (mythical bird, vehicle of Vishnu)
  proper noun (masculine)
• anila – wind, air (often personified as a god)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)
• raṃhas – swiftness, speed, velocity
  noun (neuter)
  From root `raṃh` (to run swiftly).
  Root: raṃh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `turagān`.