महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-13, verse-10

ततोऽर्जुनं द्वादशभिः शरोत्तमैर्जनार्दनं षोडशभिः समार्दयत् ।
स दण्डधारस्तुरगांस्त्रिभिस्त्रिभिस्ततो ननाद प्रजहास चासकृत् ॥१०॥

10. tato'rjunaṁ dvādaśabhiḥ śarottamai;rjanārdanaṁ ṣoḍaśabhiḥ samārdayat ,
sa daṇḍadhārasturagāṁstribhistribhi;stato nanāda prajahāsa cāsakṛt.

10. tataḥ arjunam dvādaśabhiḥ śara-uttamaiḥ
janārdanam ṣoḍaśabhiḥ samārdayat
sa daṇḍa-dhāraḥ turagān tribhiḥ
tribhiḥ tataḥ nanāda prajahāsa ca asakṛt

10. tataḥ saḥ daṇḍa-dhāraḥ dvādaśabhiḥ śara-uttamaiḥ
arjunam (śaraiḥ) ṣoḍaśabhiḥ janārdanam
samārdayat tataḥ (saḥ) turagān tribhiḥ tribhiḥ
(śaraiḥ) (samārdayat) ca nanāda asakṛt prajahāsa

10. Then, the wielder of the staff wounded Arjuna with twelve excellent arrows and Janardana (Krishna) with sixteen (arrows). He then struck the horses with three (arrows) each, and roared and laughed repeatedly.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

• द्वादशभिः (dvādaśabhiḥ) - with twelve

• शर-उत्तमैः (śara-uttamaiḥ) - with excellent arrows

• जनार्दनम् (janārdanam) - Janardana (Krishna)

• षोडशभिः (ṣoḍaśabhiḥ) - with sixteen

• समार्दयत् (samārdayat) - he afflicted, he wounded, he tormented

• स (sa) - he, that one

• दण्ड-धारः (daṇḍa-dhāraḥ) - the enemy elephant warrior, wielder of the elephant goad (wielder of the staff/goad; name of a person)

• तुरगान् (turagān) - horses

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three (arrows) (with three)

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three (arrows) each (with three)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

• ननाद (nanāda) - he roared, he shouted, he made a sound

• प्रजहास (prajahāsa) - he laughed loudly, he burst out laughing

• च (ca) - and

• असकृत् (asakṛt) - repeatedly, often, constantly

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

(indeclinable)

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (a hero of the Mahabharata); white, silver

द्वादशभिः (dvādaśabhiḥ) - with twelve

(adjective)

Instrumental, plural of dvādaśa

dvādaśa - twelve

Note: Agrees with the implied noun 'śaraiḥ' (arrows).

शर-उत्तमैः (śara-uttamaiḥ) - with excellent arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara-uttama

śara-uttama - excellent arrow, best arrow

Compound type : Karmadharaya (śara+uttama)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – highest, best, excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)

जनार्दनम् (janārdanam) - Janardana (Krishna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of janārdana

janārdana - Janardana (a name of Vishnu/Krishna, meaning 'agitator of men' or 'punisher of evil men')

षोडशभिः (ṣoḍaśabhiḥ) - with sixteen

(adjective)

Instrumental, plural of ṣoḍaśa

ṣoḍaśa - sixteen

Note: Agrees with the implied noun 'śaraiḥ' (arrows).

समार्दयत् (samārdayat) - he afflicted, he wounded, he tormented

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Imperfect (laṅ) of sam-ṛd

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. Formed from upasarga 'sam' and root 'ṛd'.

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛd (class 10)

स (sa) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he/she/it

दण्ड-धारः (daṇḍa-dhāraḥ) - the enemy elephant warrior, wielder of the elephant goad (wielder of the staff/goad; name of a person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa-dhāra

daṇḍa-dhāra - one who carries a staff/goad; an epithet for Yama; a general term for a warrior/charioteer

Compound type : Tatpurusha (daṇḍa+dhāra)

• daṇḍa – staff, stick, goad, punishment
  noun (masculine)
• dhāra – holding, bearing, supporter, wielder (agent noun)
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun derived from the root 'dhṛ' (to hold, bear).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

तुरगान् (turagān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of turaga

turaga - horse (literally 'going swiftly')

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three (arrows) (with three)

(adjective)

Instrumental, plural of tri

tri - three

Note: Used distributively, meaning 'three each'.

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - with three (arrows) each (with three)

(adjective)

Instrumental, plural of tri

tri - three

Note: Repetition emphasizes distributive meaning: three each.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

(indeclinable)

ननाद (nanāda) - he roared, he shouted, he made a sound

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (liṭ) of nad

Perfect tense (Lit), 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: nad (class 1)

प्रजहास (prajahāsa) - he laughed loudly, he burst out laughing

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (liṭ) of pra-has

Perfect tense (Lit), 3rd person singular, active voice. Formed from upasarga 'pra' and root 'has'.

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

असकृत् (asakṛt) - repeatedly, often, constantly

(indeclinable)

Compound type : Negative Tatpurusha (a+sakṛt)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• sakṛt – once, at one time
  indeclinable