महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-72, verse-3

नातिवृद्धमबालं च न कृशं न च पीवरम् ।
लघुवृत्तायतप्रायं सारगात्रमनामयम् ॥३॥

3. nātivṛddhamabālaṁ ca na kṛśaṁ na ca pīvaram ,
laghuvṛttāyataprāyaṁ sāragātramanāmayam.

3. na ativṛddham abālam ca na kṛśam na ca pīvaram
laghuvṛttāyataprāyam sāragātram anāmayam

3. na ativṛddham na abālam ca na kṛśam na ca
pīvaram laghuvṛttāyataprāyam sāragātram anāmayam

3. Neither too old nor too young, neither too thin nor too stout; (this army is composed of soldiers who are) mostly quick and agile, with strong physiques, and free from disease.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - neither (not, no, neither)

• अतिवृद्धम् (ativṛddham) - too old (too old, very old)

• अबालम् (abālam) - too young (literally 'not a child') (not childish, not young, mature)

• च (ca) - and (connecting the two negations 'neither...nor...') (and, also, moreover)

• न (na) - neither (not, no, neither)

• कृशम् (kṛśam) - thin (thin, emaciated, weak)

• न (na) - nor (not, no, neither)

• च (ca) - and (connecting the two negations 'neither...nor...') (and, also, moreover)

• पीवरम् (pīvaram) - stout (overweight) (stout, fat, plump, strong)

• लघुवृत्तायतप्रायम् (laghuvṛttāyataprāyam) - mostly quick and agile (referring to movement and extension) (mostly swift and extended in movement, generally quick and agile)

• सारगात्रम् (sāragātram) - with strong physiques (with strong limbs/bodies, having a vigorous body)

• अनामयम् (anāmayam) - free from disease (free from disease, healthy)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - neither (not, no, neither)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

अतिवृद्धम् (ativṛddham) - too old (too old, very old)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ativṛddha

ativṛddha - very old, too old, exceedingly grown

Past Passive Participle (for vṛddha)

Compound of `ati` (exceedingly) and `vṛddha` (grown, old).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ati+vṛddha)

• ati – beyond, excessive, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix/preposition.
• vṛddha – old, grown, increased
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `vṛdh` (to grow).
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for `sainyam`.

अबालम् (abālam) - too young (literally 'not a child') (not childish, not young, mature)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of abāla

abāla - not a child, mature, adult

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound: `a` (not) + `bāla` (child).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bāla)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• bāla – child, young, foolish
  noun/adjective (masculine)

Note: Predicative adjective for `sainyam`.

च (ca) - and (connecting the two negations 'neither...nor...') (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - neither (not, no, neither)

(indeclinable)

कृशम् (kṛśam) - thin (thin, emaciated, weak)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛśa

kṛśa - thin, emaciated, weak

From root `kṛś` (to be thin).

Root: kṛś (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for `sainyam`.

न (na) - nor (not, no, neither)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (connecting the two negations 'neither...nor...') (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

पीवरम् (pīvaram) - stout (overweight) (stout, fat, plump, strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pīvara

pīvara - stout, fat, plump, strong

From root `pī` (to swell, to be large).

Root: pī (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for `sainyam`.

लघुवृत्तायतप्रायम् (laghuvṛttāyataprāyam) - mostly quick and agile (referring to movement and extension) (mostly swift and extended in movement, generally quick and agile)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of laghuvṛttāyataprāya

laghuvṛttāyataprāya - mostly swift in action and extended/long (in reach/movement), generally quick and agile

Compound: `laghu` (light, quick) + `vṛtta` (movement, action) + `āyata` (extended, long) + `prāya` (mostly, mostly so). `laghu-vṛtta` (quick movement), `āyata` (extended). `prāya` indicates 'mostly, predominantly'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (laghu+vṛtta+āyata+prāya)

• laghu – light, quick, swift, agile
  adjective (masculine)
• vṛtta – movement, action, conduct, round
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (from vṛt 'to be, turn')
  Can mean 'conduct' or 'that which is turned/moved'. Here 'movement' or 'action'.
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• āyata – extended, long, stretched, proper
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `ā-yam` (to stretch, extend). Here 'extended' or 'long-striding'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yam (class 1)
• prāya – mostly, predominantly, usually
  indeclinable (masculine)
  Suffix indicating 'mostly' or 'almost'. When at the end of a compound, it functions adverbially.

Note: Predicative adjective for `sainyam`.

सारगात्रम् (sāragātram) - with strong physiques (with strong limbs/bodies, having a vigorous body)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sāragātra

sāragātra - having a firm/strong body, vigorous-bodied

Bahuvrihi compound: `sāra` (firmness, essence, strength) + `gātra` (limb, body).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sāra+gātra)

• sāra – essence, strength, firmness, best part
  noun (masculine)
• gātra – limb, body
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicative adjective for `sainyam`.

अनामयम् (anāmayam) - free from disease (free from disease, healthy)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anāmaya

anāmaya - free from sickness, healthy, well

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound: `an` (not) + `āmaya` (sickness, disease).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+āmaya)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix (before vowels).
• āmaya – sickness, disease, illness
  noun (masculine)
  From `ā-am` (to go, to move; with implied affliction).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: am (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for `sainyam`.