महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-72, verse-22

विपरीतमिदं सर्वं प्रतिभाति स्म संजय ।
यत्रेदृशं बलं घोरं नातरद्युधि पाण्डवान् ॥२२॥

22. viparītamidaṁ sarvaṁ pratibhāti sma saṁjaya ,
yatredṛśaṁ balaṁ ghoraṁ nātaradyudhi pāṇḍavān.

22. viparītam idam sarvam pratibhāti sma saṃjaya
yatra īdṛśam balam ghoram na atarat yudhi pāṇḍavān

22. saṃjaya idam sarvam viparītam pratibhāti sma
yatra īdṛśam ghoram balam yudhi pāṇḍavān na atarat

22. O Saṃjaya, all this appears contrary to expectation, where such a terrible army could not overcome the Pāṇḍavas in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• विपरीतम् (viparītam) - contrary to expectation (inverted, contrary, opposite)

• इदम् (idam) - all this (situation) (this)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, everything

• प्रतिभाति (pratibhāti) - appears, seems, shines forth

• स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense)

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya

• यत्र (yatra) - when (in which case) (where, in which (case), if)

• ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - such, of this kind

• बलम् (balam) - strength, force, army

• घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful, fierce

• न (na) - not, no

• अतरत् (atarat) - could not overcome (did not cross, did not overcome)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

Words meanings and morphology

विपरीतम् (viparītam) - contrary to expectation (inverted, contrary, opposite)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of viparīta

viparīta - inverted, contrary, opposite, reversed, adverse

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'i' (to go) with upasargas 'vi' and 'pari' + suffix 'kta'

Prefixes: vi+pari

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'idam sarvam'

इदम् (idam) - all this (situation) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, everything

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Agrees with 'idam'

प्रतिभाति (pratibhāti) - appears, seems, shines forth

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pratibhā

Present Tense, Active Voice

Root 'bhā' (to shine) with upasarga 'prati'

Prefix: prati

Root: bhā (class 2)

स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense)

(indeclinable)

Note: Converts the present tense 'pratibhāti' to past tense 'appeared'

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (proper name)

यत्र (yatra) - when (in which case) (where, in which (case), if)

(indeclinable)

ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - such, of this kind

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of īdṛśa

īdṛśa - such, of this kind, suchlike

Derived from 'idam' (this) and 'dṛśa' (seeing, like)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'balam'

बलम् (balam) - strength, force, army

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army, might

Note: Subject of 'na atarat'

घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful, fierce

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, formidable, fierce

Note: Qualifies 'balam'

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अतरत् (atarat) - could not overcome (did not cross, did not overcome)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of tṝ

Imperfect Tense, Active Voice

Root 'tṝ' (to cross, overcome), augment 'a' + 'tṝ' + personal ending. 'na' negates it.

Root: tṝ (class 1)

Note: The prefix 'a' is the augment for past tenses (laṅ, luṅ, lṛṅ).

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

Derived from Pāṇḍu (father of the Pāṇḍavas)

Note: Object of 'atarat'