महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-72, verse-19

गुप्तं प्रवीरैर्लोकस्य सारवद्भिर्महात्मभिः ।
यदहन्यत संग्रामे दिष्टमेतत्पुरातनम् ॥१९॥

19. guptaṁ pravīrairlokasya sāravadbhirmahātmabhiḥ ,
yadahanyata saṁgrāme diṣṭametatpurātanam.

19. guptam pravīraiḥ lokasya sāravadbhiḥ mahātmabhiḥ
yat ahanyata saṃgrāme diṣṭam etat purātanam

19. guptam pravīraiḥ lokasya sāravadbhiḥ mahātmabhiḥ
yat saṃgrāme ahanyata etat purātanam diṣṭam

19. It was protected by the world's most excellent, substantial, and great-souled warriors. That it was destroyed in battle was this ancient destiny.

Words meanings summery:

• गुप्तम् (guptam) - protected, guarded

• प्रवीरैः (pravīraiḥ) - by excellent heroes, by chief warriors

• लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the world (of the world, of people)

• सारवद्भिः (sāravadbhiḥ) - by the substantial (in character/strength) (by the substantial, by the strong, by the excellent)

• महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - by the great-souled ones, by the noble ones

• यत् (yat) - that (referring to the destruction) (that which, what)

• अहन्यत (ahanyata) - was destroyed (in battle) (was struck, was killed, was destroyed)

• संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in war

• दिष्टम् (diṣṭam) - destiny, fate (destiny, fate, command)

• एतत् (etat) - this

• पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient, old, primeval

Words meanings and morphology

गुप्तम् (guptam) - protected, guarded

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gupta

gupta - protected, guarded, hidden

Past Passive Participle

From root `gup` (to protect).

Root: gup (class 10)

Note: Refers to the implied army/formation.

प्रवीरैः (pravīraiḥ) - by excellent heroes, by chief warriors

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pravīra

pravīra - excellent hero, chief warrior, brave man

Prefix `pra` (indicating excellence) + `vīra` (hero).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (pra+vīra)

• pra – forth, forward, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• vīra – hero, brave, warrior, strong
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agents of protection.

लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the world (of the world, of people)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, region, space

From root `lok` (to see).

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the warriors, 'warriors of the world'.

सारवद्भिः (sāravadbhiḥ) - by the substantial (in character/strength) (by the substantial, by the strong, by the excellent)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sāravant

sāravant - possessing essence, substantial, strong, valuable, excellent

`sāra` (essence) + `vat` (possessive suffix).

Note: Modifies `pravīraiḥ`.

महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - by the great-souled ones, by the noble ones

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous, (supreme spirit)

Compound of `mahā` (great) + `ātman` (soul, self).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – soul (ātman), self, essence, spirit
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Modifies `pravīraiḥ`.

यत् (yat) - that (referring to the destruction) (that which, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yat

yat - which, what, that

Relative pronoun, neuter singular.

Note: Subject of the clause 'yat ahanyata saṃgrāme'.

अहन्यत (ahanyata) - was destroyed (in battle) (was struck, was killed, was destroyed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of han

Imperfect Tense

3rd person singular ātmanepada form in passive voice.

Root: han (class 2)

संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, conflict

From `sam` (with) + root `kram` (to step, go).

Prefix: sam

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Locative of place.

दिष्टम् (diṣṭam) - destiny, fate (destiny, fate, command)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of diṣṭa

diṣṭa - destiny, fate, ordained, commanded, appointed

Past Passive Participle

From root `diś` (to point out, command).

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Predicate noun.

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the main clause.

पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient, old, primeval

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of purātana

purātana - ancient, old, primeval, former

From `purā` (formerly) + `tana` (suffix indicating 'ancient').

Note: Modifies `diṣṭam`.