महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-3, verse-5

कथं हि धर्मराजस्य दोषमल्पमपि ब्रुवन् ।
लभते परिषन्मध्ये व्याहर्तुमकुतोभयः ॥५॥

5. kathaṁ hi dharmarājasya doṣamalpamapi bruvan ,
labhate pariṣanmadhye vyāhartumakutobhayaḥ.

5. katham hi dharmarājasya doṣam alpam api bruvan
| labhate pariṣat madhye vyāhartum akutobhayaḥ

5. How indeed can anyone, while speaking even a small fault of the King of Dharma (Dharmarāja), manage to speak fearlessly in the midst of an assembly?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• धर्मराजस्य (dharmarājasya) - of Yudhiṣṭhira (of the King of Dharma)

• दोषम् (doṣam) - fault, defect, blame

• अल्पम् (alpam) - small, little, slight

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - speaking, uttering

• लभते (labhate) - he obtains, he gets, he manages

• परिषत् (pariṣat) - assembly, council, company

• मध्ये (madhye) - in the midst, in the middle of

• व्याहर्तुम् (vyāhartum) - to speak, to utter, to declare

• अकुतोभयः (akutobhayaḥ) - fearless, without fear from any quarter

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

धर्मराजस्य (dharmarājasya) - of Yudhiṣṭhira (of the King of Dharma)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - King of Dharma, sovereign of justice

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, natural law, constitution
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

दोषम् (doṣam) - fault, defect, blame

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, vice, blame, error

अल्पम् (alpam) - small, little, slight

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of alpa

alpa - small, little, few, slight

Note: Agrees with 'doṣam'.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - speaking, uttering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bruvat

bruvat - speaking, saying, declaring

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'brū' (to speak).

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Refers to the implicit agent performing the action of speaking.

लभते (labhate) - he obtains, he gets, he manages

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of labh

Present Tense

1st class, ātmanepada

Root: labh (class 1)

परिषत् (pariṣat) - assembly, council, company

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pariṣad

pariṣad - assembly, council, meeting, audience

Note: Base form `pariṣad` (feminine), but often appears as `pariṣat` in compounds or before certain sandhis.

मध्ये (madhye) - in the midst, in the middle of

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used adverbially in the locative singular.

व्याहर्तुम् (vyāhartum) - to speak, to utter, to declare

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root 'hṛ' with prefixes 'vi' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

अकुतोभयः (akutobhayaḥ) - fearless, without fear from any quarter

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of akutobhaya

akutobhaya - fearless, safe from all quarters, having no fear from any source

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+kutaḥ+bhaya)

• a – not, non- (negating prefix)
  prefix
• kutaḥ – whence, from where, from any quarter
  indeclinable
• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)