महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-27, verse-8

सुखप्रिये सेवमानोऽतिवेलं योगाभ्यासे यो न करोति कर्म ।
वित्तक्षये हीनसुखोऽतिवेलं दुःखं शेते कामवेगप्रणुन्नः ॥८॥

8. sukhapriye sevamāno'tivelaṁ; yogābhyāse yo na karoti karma ,
vittakṣaye hīnasukho'tivelaṁ; duḥkhaṁ śete kāmavegapraṇunnaḥ.

8. sukhapriye sevamānaḥ ativelam
yogābhyāse yaḥ na karoti karma
vittakṣaye hīnasukhaḥ ativelam
duḥkham śete kāma-vega-praṇunnaḥ

8. The one who, excessively indulging in pleasures, does not engage in disciplined action (karma) for the practice of concentration (yoga), when wealth is depleted, that person, deprived of happiness and impelled by the force of desire, suffers greatly in misery.

Words meanings summery:

• सुखप्रिये (sukhapriye) - In matters pertaining to or characterized by pleasure (in what is dear to pleasure; in the realm of delight)

• सेवमानः (sevamānaḥ) - Indulging in, pursuing (serving, attending, indulging)

• अतिवेलम् (ativelam) - excessively, beyond measure, too much

• योगाभ्यासे (yogābhyāse) - In the diligent practice of concentration (yoga) (in yoga practice, in spiritual discipline)

• यः (yaḥ) - The one who (who, which)

• न (na) - not

• करोति (karoti) - Performs (does, makes, performs)

• कर्म (karma) - Righteous actions or duties, particularly those enjoined by scripture or conducive to spiritual progress (action, deed, duty, fate)

• वित्तक्षये (vittakṣaye) - When one's material possessions are diminished (in the loss of wealth)

• हीनसुखः (hīnasukhaḥ) - Devoid of joy or pleasure (deprived of happiness, miserable)

• अतिवेलम् (ativelam) - To a great extent, very much (excessively, greatly)

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - misery, suffering, sorrow

• शेते (śete) - Figuratively, 'abides in' or 'experiences' misery (lies down, sleeps, reposes)

• काम-वेग-प्रणुन्नः (kāma-vega-praṇunnaḥ) - Impelled by strong, worldly desires (driven by the impulse of desire)

Words meanings and morphology

सुखप्रिये (sukhapriye) - In matters pertaining to or characterized by pleasure (in what is dear to pleasure; in the realm of delight)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of sukhapriya

sukhapriya - dear to pleasure, fond of happiness, delight in pleasure

Compound of sukha (pleasure) and priya (dear).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sukha+priya)

• sukha – pleasure, happiness, ease
  noun (neuter)
• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing
  adjective

Note: Acts adverbially, indicating the sphere of indulgence.

सेवमानः (sevamānaḥ) - Indulging in, pursuing (serving, attending, indulging)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sevamāna

sevamāna - serving, indulging, resorting to

Present Middle Participle

From root sev (to serve, indulge) with śānac suffix.

Root: sev (class 1)

Note: Refers to yaḥ.

अतिवेलम् (ativelam) - excessively, beyond measure, too much

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from ativela (beyond proper time/limit).

Note: Modifies sevamānaḥ.

योगाभ्यासे (yogābhyāse) - In the diligent practice of concentration (yoga) (in yoga practice, in spiritual discipline)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yogābhyāsa

yogābhyāsa - practice of yoga, spiritual exercise

Compound of yoga and abhyāsa (practice).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yoga+abhyāsa)

• yoga – union, spiritual discipline, concentration
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yuj (class 7)
• abhyāsa – practice, repetition, study
  noun (masculine)
  From root as with prefix abhi.
  Root: as (class 4)

यः (yaḥ) - The one who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

करोति (karoti) - Performs (does, makes, performs)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present Tense

3rd person singular present active.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कर्म (karma) - Righteous actions or duties, particularly those enjoined by scripture or conducive to spiritual progress (action, deed, duty, fate)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, duty, ritual, fate

From root kṛ (to do).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of karoti.

वित्तक्षये (vittakṣaye) - When one's material possessions are diminished (in the loss of wealth)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vittakṣaya

vittakṣaya - loss of wealth, ruin

Compound of vitta (wealth) and kṣaya (loss, destruction).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vitta+kṣaya)

• vitta – wealth, property, found, acquired
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (from vid)
  From root vid (to gain, find).
  Root: vid (class 2)
• kṣaya – loss, destruction, decline
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṣi (to decay, destroy).
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

हीनसुखः (hīnasukhaḥ) - Devoid of joy or pleasure (deprived of happiness, miserable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hīnasukha

hīnasukha - deprived of happiness, unhappy, miserable

Bahuvrihi compound: hīna (deprived) sukha (happiness).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hīna+sukha)

• hīna – deprived, abandoned, inferior
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root hā (to abandon, lose).
  Root: hā (class 3)
• sukha – pleasure, happiness, ease
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to yaḥ (implied saḥ).

अतिवेलम् (ativelam) - To a great extent, very much (excessively, greatly)

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from ativela (beyond proper time/limit).

Note: Modifies duḥkham śete.

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - misery, suffering, sorrow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - pain, suffering, misery, sorrow

Note: Object of implied 'experiences' or direct object of śete (lies down in misery).

शेते (śete) - Figuratively, 'abides in' or 'experiences' misery (lies down, sleeps, reposes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śī

Present Tense

3rd person singular present middle.

Root: śī (class 2)

काम-वेग-प्रणुन्नः (kāma-vega-praṇunnaḥ) - Impelled by strong, worldly desires (driven by the impulse of desire)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāma-vega-praṇunna

kāma-vega-praṇunna - driven by the impulse of desire

Bahuvrihi compound of kāma-vega and praṇunna.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāma-vega+praṇunna)

• kāma-vega – impulse of desire
  noun (masculine)
  Tatpuruṣa compound of kāma (desire) and vega (impetus).
• praṇunna – driven, impelled, thrust forward
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root nud (to push, impel) with prefix pra. pra-ṇud becomes praṇunna.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: nud (class 6)

Note: Refers to yaḥ (implied saḥ).