महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-5, chapter-27, verse-26
लब्ध्वापीमां पृथिवीं सागरान्तां जरामृत्यू नैव हि त्वं प्रजह्याः ।
प्रियाप्रिये सुखदुःखे च राजन्नेवं विद्वान्नैव युद्धं कुरुष्व ॥२६॥
प्रियाप्रिये सुखदुःखे च राजन्नेवं विद्वान्नैव युद्धं कुरुष्व ॥२६॥
26. labdhvāpīmāṁ pṛthivīṁ sāgarāntāṁ; jarāmṛtyū naiva hi tvaṁ prajahyāḥ ,
priyāpriye sukhaduḥkhe ca rāja;nnevaṁ vidvānnaiva yuddhaṁ kuruṣva.
priyāpriye sukhaduḥkhe ca rāja;nnevaṁ vidvānnaiva yuddhaṁ kuruṣva.
26.
labdhvā api imām pṛthivīm sāgarāntām
jarāmṛtyū na eva hi tvam prajahyāḥ
priyāpriye sukhaduḥkhe ca rājan
evam vidvān na eva yuddham kuruṣva
jarāmṛtyū na eva hi tvam prajahyāḥ
priyāpriye sukhaduḥkhe ca rājan
evam vidvān na eva yuddham kuruṣva
26.
Even if you were to acquire this entire earth, bounded by the oceans, you would certainly not escape old age and death. Similarly, (you would still experience) pleasant and unpleasant things, and joy and sorrow. Therefore, O king (rājan), knowing this truth, certainly do not engage in war.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- लब्ध्वा (labdhvā) - having obtained, after getting
- अपि (api) - even, also, too
- इमाम् (imām) - this (feminine singular accusative)
- पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth, the world
- सागरान्ताम् (sāgarāntām) - ocean-bounded, extending to the oceans
- जरामृत्यू (jarāmṛtyū) - old age and death
- न (na) - not, no
- एव (eva) - only, just, indeed
- हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for
- त्वम् (tvam) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (you (singular))
- प्रजह्याः (prajahyāḥ) - you would abandon, give up, get rid of
- प्रियाप्रिये (priyāpriye) - pleasant and unpleasant things, likes and dislikes
- सुखदुःखे (sukhaduḥkhe) - joy and sorrow, pleasure and pain
- च (ca) - and, also
- राजन् (rājan) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O King!)
- एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way
- विद्वान् (vidvān) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (knowing, wise, learned)
- न (na) - not, no
- एव (eva) - only, just, indeed
- युद्धम् (yuddham) - war, battle, fight
- कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, advising him not to cause war. (do, undertake, engage in (imperative middle))
Words meanings and morphology
लब्ध्वा (labdhvā) - having obtained, after getting
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From root labh (class 1) + ktvā suffix
Root: labh (class 1)
अपि (api) - even, also, too
(indeclinable)
Particle indicating emphasis or inclusion.
इमाम् (imām) - this (feminine singular accusative)
(pronoun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of idam
idam - this (demonstrative pronoun, refers to something near or just mentioned)
Note: Direct object of 'labdhvā'.
पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the earth, the world
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī
pṛthivī - the earth, the ground, world
From pṛthu (broad, wide)
सागरान्ताम् (sāgarāntām) - ocean-bounded, extending to the oceans
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of sāgarānta
sāgarānta - ocean-bounded, ending in the ocean, extending to the sea
Compound: sāgara (ocean) + anta (end, limit)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sāgara+anta)
- sāgara – ocean, sea
noun (masculine)
From sa-gara (with poison, referring to the mythical churning of the ocean) - anta – end, limit, boundary, edge
noun (masculine)
Note: Agrees with 'pṛthivīm'.
जरामृत्यू (jarāmṛtyū) - old age and death
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, dual of jarāmṛtyu
jarāmṛtyu - old age and death (dvandva compound)
Dvandva compound: jarā (old age) + mṛtyu (death)
Compound type : dvandva (jarā+mṛtyu)
- jarā – old age, decrepitude
noun (feminine)
From root jṛ (to decay, grow old)
Root: jṛ (class 1) - mṛtyu – death, Yama (god of death)
noun (masculine)
From root mṛ (to die)
Root: mṛ (class 6)
Note: Direct object of 'prajahyāḥ'.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
Negation particle.
एव (eva) - only, just, indeed
(indeclinable)
हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for
(indeclinable)
त्वम् (tvam) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (you (singular))
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you (pronoun)
Note: Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.
प्रजह्याः (prajahyāḥ) - you would abandon, give up, get rid of
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of prajah
Optative Mood, Second Person Singular
From prefix pra + root hā (to abandon, go), with optative ending
Prefix: pra
Root: hā (class 3)
प्रियाप्रिये (priyāpriye) - pleasant and unpleasant things, likes and dislikes
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, dual of priyāpriya
priyāpriya - pleasant and unpleasant, likes and dislikes (dvandva compound)
Dvandva compound: priya (dear, pleasant) + apriya (not dear, unpleasant)
Compound type : dvandva (priya+apriya)
- priya – dear, beloved, pleasant, agreeable
adjective (neuter)
Root: prī (class 9) - apriya – unpleasant, disagreeable, not dear
adjective (neuter)
Nañ-tatpuruṣa of 'a' and 'priya'
Note: Implied objects of experience, similar to old age and death.
सुखदुःखे (sukhaduḥkhe) - joy and sorrow, pleasure and pain
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, dual of sukhaduḥkha
sukhaduḥkha - joy and sorrow, pleasure and pain (dvandva compound)
Dvandva compound: sukha (joy, pleasure) + duḥkha (sorrow, pain)
Compound type : dvandva (sukha+duḥkha)
- sukha – happiness, joy, pleasure, comfort
noun (neuter) - duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering, misery
noun (neuter)
Note: Implied objects of experience.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
राजन् (rājan) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O King!)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler
Root rāj (to rule)
Root: rāj (class 1)
एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way
(indeclinable)
From pronominal base 'i' or 'e'
विद्वान् (vidvān) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (knowing, wise, learned)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvas
vidvas - knowing, learned, wise, intelligent
Perfect Active Participle
From root vid (to know) + vasu suffix
Root: vid (class 2)
Note: Qualifies the implied subject of 'kuruṣva'.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
Negation particle.
एव (eva) - only, just, indeed
(indeclinable)
युद्धम् (yuddham) - war, battle, fight
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha
yuddha - war, battle, fight, conflict
Past Passive Participle used as a noun
From root yudh (to fight) + kta suffix
Root: yudh (class 4)
कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, advising him not to cause war. (do, undertake, engage in (imperative middle))
(verb)
2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ
Imperative Mood, Second Person Singular, Ātmanepada
Root kṛ (class 8)
Root: kṛ (class 8)