महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-27, verse-13

जहाति मृत्युं च जरां भयं च न क्षुत्पिपासे मनसश्चाप्रियाणि ।
न कर्तव्यं विद्यते तत्र किंचिदन्यत्र वै इन्द्रियप्रीणनार्थात् ॥१३॥

13. jahāti mṛtyuṁ ca jarāṁ bhayaṁ ca; na kṣutpipāse manasaścāpriyāṇi ,
na kartavyaṁ vidyate tatra kiṁci;danyatra vai indriyaprīṇanārthāt.

13. jahāti mṛtyuṃ ca jarāṃ bhayaṃ ca
na kṣutpipāse manasaḥ ca apriyāṇi
na kartavyaṃ vidyate tatra kiṃcit
anyatra vai indriyaprīṇanārthāt

13. One abandons death, old age, and fear. Neither hunger and thirst nor the mind's unpleasant things exist (for them). There, no duty (kārya) whatsoever exists, except for the purpose of gratifying the senses.

Words meanings summery:

• जहाति (jahāti) - one abandons, leaves, gives up

• मृत्युं (mṛtyuṁ) - death

• च (ca) - and

• जरां (jarāṁ) - old age, decay

• भयं (bhayaṁ) - fear, dread

• च (ca) - and

• न (na) - not

• क्षुत्पिपासे (kṣutpipāse) - hunger and thirst

• मनसः (manasaḥ) - of the mind, from the mind

• च (ca) - and

• अप्रियाणि (apriyāṇi) - unpleasant things, disagreeable things

• न (na) - not

• कर्तव्यं (kartavyaṁ) - duty, that which is to be done

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found

• तत्र (tatra) - in the state of having abandoned fear etc. (there, in that place, in that state)

• किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, whatsoever

• अन्यत्र (anyatra) - elsewhere, otherwise, except

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• इन्द्रियप्रीणनार्थात् (indriyaprīṇanārthāt) - from the purpose of gratifying the senses

Words meanings and morphology

जहाति (jahāti) - one abandons, leaves, gives up

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of hā

Present Tense, Active Voice

Reduplicated root hā (3rd class). jahāti is 3rd person singular present.

Root: hā (class 3)

मृत्युं (mṛtyuṁ) - death

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, Yama (god of death)

From mṛ (to die) + tyu (suffix)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Object of 'jahāti'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

जरां (jarāṁ) - old age, decay

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, decay, decrepitude

From jṝ (to waste away) + aṅ

Root: jṝ (class 9)

Note: Object of 'jahāti'

भयं (bhayaṁ) - fear, dread

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, danger

From bhī (to fear) + a

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Object of 'jahāti'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negation particle

क्षुत्पिपासे (kṣutpipāse) - hunger and thirst

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, dual of kṣutpipāsā

kṣutpipāsā - hunger and thirst

Dvandva compound of kṣut (hunger) and pipāsā (thirst)

Compound type : Dvandva (kṣudh+pipāsā)

• kṣudh – hunger, appetite
  noun (feminine)
  From kṣudh (to be hungry). The form kṣut is the stem.
  Root: kṣudh (class 4)
• pipāsā – thirst, desire to drink
  noun (feminine)
  Desiderative formation from root pā (to drink)
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Subject of implied 'na vidyate'

मनसः (manasaḥ) - of the mind, from the mind

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, thought

From man (to think) + as (suffix)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Possessive of 'apriyāṇi'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

अप्रियाणि (apriyāṇi) - unpleasant things, disagreeable things

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of apriya

apriya - disagreeable, unpleasant, disliked, enemy

Negative prefix a + priya (dear, pleasant)

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpurusha (a+priya)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• priya – dear, beloved, pleasant, agreeable
  adjective (masculine)
  From prī (to please) + ya
  Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Subjects of implied 'na vidyate'

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negation particle

कर्तव्यं (kartavyaṁ) - duty, that which is to be done

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, ought to be done, duty, obligation

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From kṛ (to do) + tavya (gerundive suffix)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of 'vidyate'

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Present Tense, Middle Voice

4th class root vid (to be)

Root: vid (class 4)

तत्र (tatra) - in the state of having abandoned fear etc. (there, in that place, in that state)

(indeclinable)

From tad (that) + tral (suffix for place)

किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, whatsoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kiṃcit

kiṁcit - anything, something, whatever, a little

From kim + cid (indefinite particle)

Note: Qualifies 'kartavyaṃ'

अन्यत्र (anyatra) - elsewhere, otherwise, except

(indeclinable)

From anya (other) + tral (suffix for place)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

इन्द्रियप्रीणनार्थात् (indriyaprīṇanārthāt) - from the purpose of gratifying the senses

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of indriyaprīṇanārtha

indriyaprīṇanārtha - for the purpose of gratifying the senses

Compound: indriya (sense) + prīṇana (gratifying) + artha (purpose)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (indriya+prīṇana+artha)

• indriya – sense organ, faculty (of sense or action), vital power
  noun (neuter)
  From indra (Indra) + ya
• prīṇana – gratifying, pleasing, satisfaction
  noun (neuter)
  Nominalized Present Participle
  From root prī (to please) + ana (suffix)
  Root: prī (class 9)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)
  From ṛ (to go, to move) + than (suffix)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Governed by 'anyatra'