महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-27, verse-12

इह क्षेत्रे क्रियते पार्थ कार्यं न वै किंचिद्विद्यते प्रेत्य कार्यम् ।
कृतं त्वया पारलोक्यं च कार्यं पुण्यं महत्सद्भिरनुप्रशस्तम् ॥१२॥

12. iha kṣetre kriyate pārtha kāryaṁ; na vai kiṁcidvidyate pretya kāryam ,
kṛtaṁ tvayā pāralokyaṁ ca kāryaṁ; puṇyaṁ mahatsadbhiranupraśastam.

12. iha kṣetre kriyate pārtha kāryaṃ
na vai kiṃcit vidyate pretya kāryam
kṛtaṃ tvayā pāralokyaṃ ca kāryaṃ
puṇyaṃ mahat sadbhiḥ anuprasastaṃ

12. A task (kārya) is to be performed in this world (kṣetra), O Pārtha. After death, there is indeed nothing to be done (kārya). The task (kārya) you have performed for the next world is a great, meritorious act, highly praised by the virtuous.

Words meanings summery:

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• क्षेत्रे (kṣetre) - in this world, in this realm of existence (in the field, in the body, in the world)

• क्रियते (kriyate) - is done, is performed, is made

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha, son of Pṛthā (Arjuna)

• कार्यं (kāryaṁ) - duty, task, action, that which is to be done

• न (na) - not, no

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, surely

• किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, something, whatever

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found, is

• प्रेत्य (pretya) - having died, after death, in the next world

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - duty, task, action, that which is to be done

• कृतं (kṛtaṁ) - done, performed, made

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• पारलोक्यं (pāralokyaṁ) - related to the next world, for the afterlife

• च (ca) - and

• कार्यं (kāryaṁ) - duty, task, action, that which is to be done

• पुण्यं (puṇyaṁ) - virtuous, meritorious, good deed

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

• सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by the good, by the virtuous, by the wise

• अनुप्रसस्तं (anuprasastaṁ) - highly praised, greatly lauded

Words meanings and morphology

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

क्षेत्रे (kṣetre) - in this world, in this realm of existence (in the field, in the body, in the world)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kṣetra

kṣetra - field, land, place, region, body, sphere of action

From kṣi (to dwell) + ṣṭran

Root: kṣi (class 1)

क्रियते (kriyate) - is done, is performed, is made

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present Tense, Middle Voice (Passive)

Passive stem formed by adding ya to the root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha, son of Pṛthā (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), a name for Arjuna

From pṛthā + aṇ (suffix)

कार्यं (kāryaṁ) - duty, task, action, that which is to be done

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, to be performed, duty, business, action

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From kṛ (to do) + ṇyat (gerundive suffix)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of 'kriyate'

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negation particle

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, surely

(indeclinable)

किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, something, whatever

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kiṃcit

kiṁcit - anything, something, whatever, a little

From kim + cid (indefinite particle)

Note: Subject of 'vidyate'

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found, is

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Present Tense, Middle Voice

4th class root vid (to be) takes ya suffix

Root: vid (class 4)

प्रेत्य (pretya) - having died, after death, in the next world

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From pra-i (to go forth) + lyaP (absolutive suffix for prefixed verbs)

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

कार्यम् (kāryam) - duty, task, action, that which is to be done

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, to be performed, duty, business, action

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From kṛ (to do) + ṇyat (gerundive suffix)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of 'vidyate'

कृतं (kṛtaṁ) - done, performed, made

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, created

Past Passive Participle

PPP of kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'kāryaṃ'

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of tvad

tvad - you (pronoun)

पारलोक्यं (pāralokyaṁ) - related to the next world, for the afterlife

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pāralokya

pāralokya - related to the next world, for the afterlife, spiritual, other-worldly

From para-loka (other world) + ya (suffix)

Note: Qualifies 'kāryaṃ'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects 'pāralokyaṃ kāryaṃ' with subsequent adjectives

कार्यं (kāryaṁ) - duty, task, action, that which is to be done

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, to be performed, duty, business, action

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From kṛ (to do) + ṇyat (gerundive suffix)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of the clause

पुण्यं (puṇyaṁ) - virtuous, meritorious, good deed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of puṇya

puṇya - meritorious, virtuous, sacred, good deed

From puṇ (to be pure) + ya

Root: puṇ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'kāryaṃ'

महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

From mah (to be great) + at (present participle suffix), but treated as adjective

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'kāryaṃ'

सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by the good, by the virtuous, by the wise

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sat

sat - good, virtuous, existing, real, a good person, a wise person

Present Active Participle

Present participle of as (to be). Used as a noun.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agent of 'anuprasastaṃ'

अनुप्रसस्तं (anuprasastaṁ) - highly praised, greatly lauded

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anuprasasta

anuprasasta - highly praised, greatly lauded, approved

Past Passive Participle

PPP of śaṃs (to praise) with anu-pra (prefixes)

Prefixes: anu+pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'kāryaṃ'