महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-27, verse-3

अल्पकालं जीवितं यन्मनुष्ये महास्रावं नित्यदुःखं चलं च ।
भूयश्च तद्वयसो नानुरूपं तस्मात्पापं पाण्डव मा प्रसार्षीः ॥३॥

3. alpakālaṁ jīvitaṁ yanmanuṣye; mahāsrāvaṁ nityaduḥkhaṁ calaṁ ca ,
bhūyaśca tadvayaso nānurūpaṁ; tasmātpāpaṁ pāṇḍava mā prasārṣīḥ.

3. alpakālam jīvitam yat manuṣye
mahāsrāvam nityaduḥkham calam ca
bhūyaḥ ca tat vayasas na anurūpam
tasmāt pāpam pāṇḍava mā prasārṣīḥ

3. Human life is brief, burdened by great impurities, constant suffering, and instability. Furthermore, it is not conducive to one's true well-being. Therefore, O Pāṇḍava, do not commit sin (pāpa).

Words meanings summery:

• अल्पकालम् (alpakālam) - short-lived, brief in duration

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, living, existence

• यत् (yat) - which (refers to 'jīvitam') (which, that)

• मनुष्ये (manuṣye) - in a human being, among humans, in human life

• महास्रावम् (mahāsrāvam) - burdened by great impurities or afflictions (having great outflows, great impurities, great defects)

• नित्यदुःखम् (nityaduḥkham) - constantly sorrowful, perpetually painful

• चलम् (calam) - unstable, moving, wavering, inconstant

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - moreover, furthermore (again, further, moreover)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• वयसस् (vayasas) - of one's age or development (of age, of life, of strength)

• न (na) - not, no

• अनुरूपम् (anurūpam) - fitting, conducive (to one's well-being/growth) (suitable, appropriate, fitting, corresponding)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason

• पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil, wrong

• पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O son of Pāṇḍu, O Pāṇḍava

• मा (mā) - do not

• प्रसार्षीः (prasārṣīḥ) - you should commit (sin) (you should spread, you should commit)

Words meanings and morphology

अल्पकालम् (alpakālam) - short-lived, brief in duration

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of alpakāla

alpakāla - short-lived, having little time, brief

Compound type : karmadhāraya (alpa+kāla)

• alpa – little, small, insignificant
  adjective (masculine)
• kāla – time, period, season
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'jīvitam'.

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, living, existence

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, existence; lived, alive

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'jīv' (to live) with suffix -ta, used as a noun.

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

यत् (yat) - which (refers to 'jīvitam') (which, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that, who

Note: Refers to 'jīvitam'.

मनुष्ये (manuṣye) - in a human being, among humans, in human life

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of manuṣya

manuṣya - human being, man, person

महास्रावम् (mahāsrāvam) - burdened by great impurities or afflictions (having great outflows, great impurities, great defects)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahāsrāva

mahāsrāva - having great outflows, great impurities, full of great defects

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+srāva)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• srāva – flowing, stream, exudation, discharge
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'sru' (to flow).
  Root: sru (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'jīvitam'.

नित्यदुःखम् (nityaduḥkham) - constantly sorrowful, perpetually painful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nityaduḥkha

nityaduḥkha - perpetually sorrowful, constant suffering

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nitya+duḥkha)

• nitya – constant, eternal, perpetual
  adjective (masculine)
• duḥkha – suffering, sorrow, pain, misery
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'jīvitam'.

चलम् (calam) - unstable, moving, wavering, inconstant

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cala

cala - moving, trembling, unstable, inconstant

Derived from root 'cal' (to move).

Root: cal (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'jīvitam'.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - moreover, furthermore (again, further, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Comparative form of 'bahu' (much, many), used adverbially.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, this

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter nominative/accusative singular.

Note: Refers to 'jīvitam'.

वयसस् (vayasas) - of one's age or development (of age, of life, of strength)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of vayas

vayas - age, strength, vigor, youth, life-span

S-stem noun.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negation particle.

अनुरूपम् (anurūpam) - fitting, conducive (to one's well-being/growth) (suitable, appropriate, fitting, corresponding)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anurūpa

anurūpa - suitable, appropriate, conformable, corresponding

'anu' (after/according to) + 'rūpa' (form).

Note: Qualifies 'tat'.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of 'tad', used adverbially.

Note: Adverb, 'therefore'.

पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil, wrong

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, vice; bad, wicked

Note: Object of the verb 'prasārṣīḥ'.

पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O son of Pāṇḍu, O Pāṇḍava

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu.

Note: Addressed to Yudhiṣṭhira or Arjuna.

मा (mā) - do not

(indeclinable)

Used with aorist or imperative to express prohibition.

प्रसार्षीः (prasārṣīḥ) - you should commit (sin) (you should spread, you should commit)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist injunctive (luṅ) of pra-sṛ

Aorist Injunctive

2nd person singular, Aorist Injunctive (luṅ) from root 'sṛ' (to go, move, spread) with prefix 'pra'. Used with 'mā' for prohibition.

Prefix: pra

Root: sṛ (class 1)