महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-5, chapter-27, verse-14
एवंरूपं कर्मफलं नरेन्द्र मात्रावता हृदयस्य प्रियेण ।
स क्रोधजं पाण्डव हर्षजं च लोकावुभौ मा प्रहासीश्चिराय ॥१४॥
स क्रोधजं पाण्डव हर्षजं च लोकावुभौ मा प्रहासीश्चिराय ॥१४॥
14. evaṁrūpaṁ karmaphalaṁ narendra; mātrāvatā hṛdayasya priyeṇa ,
sa krodhajaṁ pāṇḍava harṣajaṁ ca; lokāvubhau mā prahāsīścirāya.
sa krodhajaṁ pāṇḍava harṣajaṁ ca; lokāvubhau mā prahāsīścirāya.
14.
evaṃrūpaṃ karmaphalaṃ narendra
mātrāvatā hṛdayasya priyeṇa sa
krodhajaṃ pāṇḍava harṣajaṃ ca
lokau ubhau mā prahāsīḥ cirāya
mātrāvatā hṛdayasya priyeṇa sa
krodhajaṃ pāṇḍava harṣajaṃ ca
lokau ubhau mā prahāsīḥ cirāya
14.
O king among men (narendra), such is the fruit of action (karma), [which should be experienced] with moderation and as something dear to the heart. O Pāṇḍava, do not lose both worlds for a long time due to the influence of anger-born and joy-born emotions.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- एवंरूपं (evaṁrūpaṁ) - of such a form, such, of this kind
- कर्मफलं (karmaphalaṁ) - the fruit of action, result of karma
- नरेन्द्र (narendra) - O king among men
- मात्रावता (mātrāvatā) - by a moderate one, with moderation
- हृदयस्य (hṛdayasya) - of the heart, of the mind
- प्रियेण (priyeṇa) - by a dear one, as something dear, pleasantly
- स (sa) - that (as a connective or emphasizing particle) (he, that (one))
- क्रोधजं (krodhajaṁ) - anger-born emotions/passions (born of anger, caused by anger)
- पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O Pāṇḍava, descendant of Pāṇḍu (Arjuna)
- हर्षजं (harṣajaṁ) - joy-born emotions/passions (born of joy, caused by joy)
- च (ca) - and
- लोकौ (lokau) - both worlds, the two realms
- उभौ (ubhau) - both
- मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle)
- प्रहासीः (prahāsīḥ) - do not abandon, do not lose
- चिराय (cirāya) - for a long time, forever
Words meanings and morphology
एवंरूपं (evaṁrūpaṁ) - of such a form, such, of this kind
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of evaṃrūpa
evaṁrūpa - of such a form, such, of this kind
Compound: evam (thus) + rūpa (form)
Compound type : Karmadharaya (evam+rūpa)
- evam – thus, so, in this manner
indeclinable - rūpa – form, shape, nature, beauty
noun (neuter)
Root: rūp (class 10)
Note: Qualifies 'karmaphalaṃ'
कर्मफलं (karmaphalaṁ) - the fruit of action, result of karma
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of karmaphala
karmaphala - the fruit or result of action (karma)
Compound: karma (action) + phala (fruit)
Compound type : Tatpurusha (karma+phala)
- karma – action, deed, ritual, work, fate (karma)
noun (neuter)
From kṛ (to do) + man (suffix)
Root: kṛ (class 8) - phala – fruit, result, consequence, reward
noun (neuter)
From phal (to bear fruit)
Root: phal (class 1)
Note: Subject of the first part of the verse
नरेन्द्र (narendra) - O king among men
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of narendra
narendra - king, chief of men, lord of men
Compound: nara (man) + indra (lord)
Compound type : Tatpurusha (nara+indra)
- nara – man, person, human being
noun (masculine)
Root: nṛ - indra – Indra (a deity), chief, best
noun (masculine)
Root: ind
Note: Refers to the listener
मात्रावता (mātrāvatā) - by a moderate one, with moderation
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of mātrāvat
mātrāvat - having measure, moderate, proportionate
From mātrā (measure) + vat (possessive suffix)
Note: Describes the manner of experiencing 'karma-phalaṃ'
हृदयस्य (hṛdayasya) - of the heart, of the mind
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of hṛdaya
hṛdaya - heart, mind, soul, core
From hṛd (heart)
Note: Connects to 'priyeṇa'
प्रियेण (priyeṇa) - by a dear one, as something dear, pleasantly
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of priya
priya - dear, beloved, pleasant, agreeable
From prī (to please) + ya
Root: prī (class 9)
Note: Adverbial use, qualifying how the fruit is experienced, connected to 'hṛdayasya'
स (sa) - that (as a connective or emphasizing particle) (he, that (one))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)
क्रोधजं (krodhajaṁ) - anger-born emotions/passions (born of anger, caused by anger)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of krodhaja
krodhaja - born of anger, caused by anger, produced by wrath
Compound: krodha (anger) + ja (born)
Compound type : Tatpurusha (krodha+ja)
- krodha – anger, wrath, rage
noun (masculine)
From krudh (to be angry) + a
Root: krudh (class 4) - ja – born, produced from, caused by
adjective (masculine)
From jan (to be born) + ḍa (suffix)
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Refers to an implied object or state that leads to loss of worlds
पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O Pāṇḍava, descendant of Pāṇḍu (Arjuna)
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava
pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava prince
From pāṇḍu + aṇ (suffix)
Note: Addresses the listener (Arjuna or Yudhishthira)
हर्षजं (harṣajaṁ) - joy-born emotions/passions (born of joy, caused by joy)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of harṣaja
harṣaja - born of joy, caused by joy, produced by delight
Compound: harṣa (joy) + ja (born)
Compound type : Tatpurusha (harṣa+ja)
- harṣa – joy, delight, elation
noun (masculine)
From hṛṣ (to be glad) + a
Root: hṛṣ (class 1) - ja – born, produced from, caused by
adjective (masculine)
From jan (to be born) + ḍa (suffix)
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Refers to an implied object or state that leads to loss of worlds
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Conjunction
लोकौ (lokau) - both worlds, the two realms
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, dual of loka
loka - world, realm, people, universe
From lok (to see) + a
Root: lok (class 10)
Note: Object of 'mā prahāsīḥ'
उभौ (ubhau) - both
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, dual of ubha
ubha - both
Always dual
Note: Qualifies 'lokau'
मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle)
(indeclinable)
Prohibitive particle used with aorist
प्रहासीः (prahāsīḥ) - do not abandon, do not lose
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of pra-hā
Aorist, Active Voice
2nd person singular aorist form of hā (to abandon) with prefix pra
Prefix: pra
Root: hā (class 3)
चिराय (cirāya) - for a long time, forever
(indeclinable)
Dative singular of cira used adverbially, meaning 'for a long time'
Note: Acts as an adverb of time