महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-27, verse-24

पापानुबन्धं को नु तं कामयेत क्षमैव ते ज्यायसी नोत भोगाः ।
यत्र भीष्मः शांतनवो हतः स्याद्यत्र द्रोणः सहपुत्रो हतः स्यात् ॥२४॥

24. pāpānubandhaṁ ko nu taṁ kāmayeta; kṣamaiva te jyāyasī nota bhogāḥ ,
yatra bhīṣmaḥ śāṁtanavo hataḥ syā;dyatra droṇaḥ sahaputro hataḥ syāt.

24. pāpānubandham kaḥ nu tam kāmayeta
kṣamā eva te jyāyasī na uta bhogāḥ
yatra bhīṣmaḥ śāntanavaḥ hataḥ syāt
yatra droṇaḥ sahaputraḥ hataḥ syāt

24. Who indeed would desire that which inevitably leads to sinful consequences? Forgiveness is surely better for you than worldly enjoyments. This is a situation where Bhishma, the son of Shantanu, would be killed, and Drona, along with his son, would be killed.

Words meanings summery:

• पापानुबन्धम् (pāpānubandham) - Referring to the consequence of engaging in war. (connected with sin, leading to sin, entailing evil)

• कः (kaḥ) - who?

• नु (nu) - indeed, surely, now

• तम् (tam) - Refers to the sinful consequences of war. (that, him)

• कामयेत (kāmayeta) - would desire

• क्षमा (kṣamā) - forgiveness, patience, forbearance

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, alone

• ते (te) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (for you, to you (genitive/dative singular of 'you'))

• ज्यायसी (jyāyasī) - superior, better, older

• न (na) - not, no

• उत (uta) - or, even, rather

• भोगाः (bhogāḥ) - enjoyments, pleasures, possessions

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which case

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (name of a Kuru elder)

• शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Epithet for Bhishma. (son of Shantanu, descendant of Shantanu)

• हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain

• स्यात् (syāt) - would be, might be

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which case

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (name of a Kuru guru)

• सहपुत्रः (sahaputraḥ) - with his son, accompanied by his son

• हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain

• स्यात् (syāt) - would be, might be

Words meanings and morphology

पापानुबन्धम् (pāpānubandham) - Referring to the consequence of engaging in war. (connected with sin, leading to sin, entailing evil)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāpānubandha

pāpānubandha - connected with sin, leading to sin, entailing evil consequences

Compound: pāpa (sin) + anubandha (connection, consequence)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāpa+anubandha)

• pāpa – sin, evil, wicked
  noun (neuter)
• anubandha – connection, consequence, accompaniment
  noun (masculine)
  From anu-bandh (to bind after)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Modifies 'tam' (that/him) implicitly referring to the outcome of war.

कः (kaḥ) - who?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which (interrogative pronoun)

Note: Interrogative pronoun, subject of 'kāmayeta'.

नु (nu) - indeed, surely, now

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तम् (tam) - Refers to the sinful consequences of war. (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Direct object of 'kāmayeta'.

कामयेत (kāmayeta) - would desire

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of kāmay

Optative Mood, Third Person Singular, Ātmanepada

Denominative verb from kāma (desire), with suffix -ya

Root: kam (class 10)

क्षमा (kṣamā) - forgiveness, patience, forbearance

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣamā

kṣamā - forgiveness, patience, forbearance, endurance, the earth

From root kṣam (to be patient, to endure)

Root: kṣam (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implicit verb 'is'.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, alone

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (for you, to you (genitive/dative singular of 'you'))

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Can also be dative. Here implies 'for your benefit'.

ज्यायसी (jyāyasī) - superior, better, older

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jyāyas

jyāyas - older, superior, better, greater (comparative degree)

Comparative adjective, irregular formation from 'vṛddha' or 'prāy' (often translated as 'elder' or 'superior')

Note: Predicate adjective for 'kṣamā'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negation particle.

उत (uta) - or, even, rather

(indeclinable)

भोगाः (bhogāḥ) - enjoyments, pleasures, possessions

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhoga

bhoga - enjoyment, pleasure, possession, experience, food, wealth

From root bhuj (to enjoy, eat)

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Contrasted with forgiveness.

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which case

(indeclinable)

From pronominal base 'yad'

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (name of a Kuru elder)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a terrifying/formidable one), a name of the Kuru patriarch

From root bhī (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Subject of 'hataḥ syāt'.

शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Epithet for Bhishma. (son of Shantanu, descendant of Shantanu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - son of Shantanu, descendant of Shantanu (patronymic)

Taddhita derivation from 'śantanu' with suffix 'aṇ'

Note: Agreeing with 'bhīṣmaḥ'.

हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root han (to strike, kill) + kta suffix

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicate of 'bhīṣmaḥ'.

स्यात् (syāt) - would be, might be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Mood, Third Person Singular

Root as (class 2)

Root: as (class 2)

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which case

(indeclinable)

From pronominal base 'yad'

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (name of a Kuru guru)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name of the martial arts teacher of the Pandavas and Kauravas)

सहपुत्रः (sahaputraḥ) - with his son, accompanied by his son

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahaputra

sahaputra - with his son, accompanied by his son

Compound: saha (with) + putra (son)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saha+putra)

• saha – with, together with (indeclinable)
  indeclinable
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'droṇaḥ'.

हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root han (to strike, kill) + kta suffix

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicate of 'droṇaḥ'.

स्यात् (syāt) - would be, might be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Mood, Third Person Singular

Root as (class 2)

Root: as (class 2)