महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-174, verse-19

ततः स राजर्षिरभूद्दुःखशोकसमन्वितः ।
कार्यं च प्रतिपेदे तन्मनसा सुमहातपाः ॥१९॥

19. tataḥ sa rājarṣirabhūdduḥkhaśokasamanvitaḥ ,
kāryaṁ ca pratipede tanmanasā sumahātapāḥ.

19. tataḥ saḥ rājarṣiḥ abhūt duḥkhaśokasammanvitaḥ
kāryam ca pratipede tat manasā sumahātapāḥ

19. tataḥ saḥ rājarṣiḥ duḥkhaśokasammanvitaḥ abhūt
ca sumahātapāḥ tat kāryam manasā pratipede

19. Then that royal sage became filled with sorrow and grief. And that ascetic of great austerity (tapas) took up that task with his mind.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to Ambā's maternal grandfather (he, that)

• राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - Refers to Ambā's maternal grandfather (royal sage, kingly seer)

• अभूत् (abhūt) - he became, he was

• दुःखशोकसम्मन्वितः (duḥkhaśokasammanvitaḥ) - filled with sorrow and grief, accompanied by distress and lamentation

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - the task (of helping Ambā) (work, task, duty, action)

• च (ca) - and, also

• प्रतिपेदे (pratipede) - he undertook, he attained, he resolved

• तत् (tat) - Refers to 'the task' (that)

• मनसा (manasā) - by mind, with the mind

• सुमहातपाः (sumahātapāḥ) - Refers to Ambā's maternal grandfather (of very great austerity, highly ascetic)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - Refers to Ambā's maternal grandfather (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - Refers to Ambā's maternal grandfather (royal sage, kingly seer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājarṣi

rājarṣi - royal sage

Compound type : karmadhāraya (rājan+ṛṣi)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

अभूत् (abhūt) - he became, he was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of bhū

root bhū (1st class)

Root: bhū (class 1)

दुःखशोकसम्मन्वितः (duḥkhaśokasammanvitaḥ) - filled with sorrow and grief, accompanied by distress and lamentation

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhaśokasammanvita

duḥkhaśokasammanvita - filled with sorrow and grief

past passive participle (from sam-an-vi)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+śoka+sammanvita)

• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, distress
  noun (neuter)
• śoka – grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
• sammanvita – accompanied by, connected with
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  from root i with prefixes sam and anu
  Prefixes: sam+anu
  Root: i (class 2)

कार्यम् (kāryam) - the task (of helping Ambā) (work, task, duty, action)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, action, work

gerundive

from root kṛ with suffix -ya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

प्रतिपेदे (pratipede) - he undertook, he attained, he resolved

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of pratipad

root pad (4th class) with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)

तत् (tat) - Refers to 'the task' (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

मनसा (manasā) - by mind, with the mind

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, consciousness

सुमहातपाः (sumahātapāḥ) - Refers to Ambā's maternal grandfather (of very great austerity, highly ascetic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahātapas

sumahātapas - of great austerity (tapas)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+mahā+tapas)

• su – good, excellent, very
  indeclinable
• mahā – great, large
  adjective (masculine)
• tapas – austerity, penance, heat
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the king, describing his attribute.