महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-174, verse-18

स तामपृच्छत्कार्त्स्न्येन व्यसनोत्पत्तिमादितः ।
सा च तस्मै यथावृत्तं विस्तरेण न्यवेदयत् ॥१८॥

18. sa tāmapṛcchatkārtsnyena vyasanotpattimāditaḥ ,
sā ca tasmai yathāvṛttaṁ vistareṇa nyavedayat.

18. saḥ tām apṛcchat kārtsnyena vyasanotpattim āditaḥ
sā ca tasmai yathāvṛttam vistareṇa nyavedayat

18. saḥ tām āditaḥ kārtsnyena vyasanotpattim apṛcchat
ca sā tasmai yathāvṛttam vistareṇa nyavedayat

18. He questioned her thoroughly, asking about the origin of her misfortune from the very beginning. And she, in turn, narrated to him in detail exactly what had happened.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to Ambā's maternal grandfather (he, that)

• ताम् (tām) - Refers to Ambā (her, that)

• अपृच्छत् (apṛcchat) - he asked, he questioned

• कार्त्स्न्येन (kārtsnyena) - completely, fully, thoroughly

• व्यसनोत्पत्तिम् (vyasanotpattim) - origin of misfortune, source of trouble

• आदितः (āditaḥ) - from the beginning, originally

• सा (sā) - Refers to Ambā (she, that)

• च (ca) - and, also

• तस्मै (tasmai) - Refers to Ambā's maternal grandfather (to him, for him)

• यथावृत्तम् (yathāvṛttam) - as it happened, exactly as it occurred

• विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively

• न्यवेदयत् (nyavedayat) - she reported, she narrated, she informed

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Refers to Ambā's maternal grandfather (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

ताम् (tām) - Refers to Ambā (her, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

अपृच्छत् (apṛcchat) - he asked, he questioned

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pṛcch

root pṛch (6th class)

Root: prach (class 6)

कार्त्स्न्येन (kārtsnyena) - completely, fully, thoroughly

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kārtsnya

kārtsnya - completeness, totality

derived from kṛtsna (whole, complete) with suffix -ya

Note: Used adverbially

व्यसनोत्पत्तिम् (vyasanotpattim) - origin of misfortune, source of trouble

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vyasanotpatti

vyasanotpatti - origin of misfortune

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vyasana+utpatti)

• vyasana – misfortune, calamity, trouble
  noun (neuter)
• utpatti – origin, birth, production
  noun (feminine)

आदितः (āditaḥ) - from the beginning, originally

(indeclinable)

suffix -tas from ādi

सा (sā) - Refers to Ambā (she, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तस्मै (tasmai) - Refers to Ambā's maternal grandfather (to him, for him)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

यथावृत्तम् (yathāvṛttam) - as it happened, exactly as it occurred

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+vṛtta)

• yathā – as, in which way
  indeclinable
• vṛtta – happened, occurred, past
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  from root vṛt
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Can be analyzed as an indeclinable or an accusative neuter adverbially used.

विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vistara

vistara - extension, breadth, detail, prolixity

Note: Used adverbially

न्यवेदयत् (nyavedayat) - she reported, she narrated, she informed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of nivedaya

imperfect, causative

from root vid with prefix ni and causative suffix -aya

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Causative of ni-vid