महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-172, verse-17

तामेवं भाषमाणां तु शाल्वः काशिपतेः सुताम् ।
अत्यजद्भरतश्रेष्ठ त्वचं जीर्णामिवोरगः ॥१७॥

17. tāmevaṁ bhāṣamāṇāṁ tu śālvaḥ kāśipateḥ sutām ,
atyajadbharataśreṣṭha tvacaṁ jīrṇāmivoragaḥ.

17. tām evam bhāṣamāṇām tu śālvaḥ kāśipateḥ sutām
atyajat bharataśreṣṭha tvacam jīrṇām iva uragaḥ

17. bharataśreṣṭha tu śālvaḥ evaṃ bhāṣamāṇām kāśipateḥ
sutām tām uragaḥ jīrṇām tvacam iva atyajat

17. But, O best of Bharatas, Salva rejected the daughter of the King of Kashi, who was speaking thus, just as a snake sheds its old skin.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - her (the daughter of the King of Kashi) (her, that (feminine accusative singular))

• एवम् (evam) - thus (speaking in this manner) (thus, in this manner, so)

• भाषमाणाम् (bhāṣamāṇām) - who was speaking (speaking, saying)

• तु (tu) - but (but, however, indeed, moreover)

• शाल्वः (śālvaḥ) - Salva (Salva (name of a king))

• काशिपतेः (kāśipateḥ) - of the king of Kashi (of the lord of Kashi, of the king of Kashi)

• सुताम् (sutām) - daughter (Draupadi) (daughter, female child)

• अत्यजत् (atyajat) - he rejected (he abandoned, he rejected, he gave up)

• भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O best of Bharatas (referring to Yudhishthira) (O best of Bharatas)

• त्वचम् (tvacam) - skin (skin, hide)

• जीर्णाम् (jīrṇām) - old, worn out (old, worn out, decayed, digested)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• उरगः (uragaḥ) - a snake (snake, serpent)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - her (the daughter of the King of Kashi) (her, that (feminine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Object of 'atyajat'.

एवम् (evam) - thus (speaking in this manner) (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'bhāṣamāṇām'.

भाषमाणाम् (bhāṣamāṇām) - who was speaking (speaking, saying)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhāṣamāṇa

bhāṣamāṇa - speaking, talking

Present Participle (Atmanepada)

Derived from root भाष् (bhāṣ), 1st conjugation, Atmanepada

Root: भाष् (class 1)

Note: Describes 'tām' and 'sutām'.

तु (tu) - but (but, however, indeed, moreover)

(indeclinable)

शाल्वः (śālvaḥ) - Salva (Salva (name of a king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śālva

śālva - name of a king, name of a country

Note: Subject of 'atyajat'.

काशिपतेः (kāśipateḥ) - of the king of Kashi (of the lord of Kashi, of the king of Kashi)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kāśipati

kāśipati - lord of Kashi, king of Kashi

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāśi+pati)

• kāśi – name of a city (Varanasi) and kingdom
  proper noun (masculine)
• pati – master, lord, husband, owner, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive, modifies 'sutām'.

सुताम् (sutām) - daughter (Draupadi) (daughter, female child)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sutā

sutā - daughter, female child

Note: Object of 'atyajat', in apposition to 'tām'.

अत्यजत् (atyajat) - he rejected (he abandoned, he rejected, he gave up)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of tyaj

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada

Derived from root त्यज् (tyaj), 1st conjugation, Parasmaipada, with upasarga अति (ati)

Prefix: ati

Root: त्यज् (class 1)

Note: The augmented form 'a' (अ) is added for imperfect tense.

भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O best of Bharatas (referring to Yudhishthira) (O best of Bharatas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharataśreṣṭha

bharataśreṣṭha - best among Bharatas, chief of the Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+śreṣṭha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, name of a royal lineage
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)

Note: A common epithet for Pandavas/Kauravas.

त्वचम् (tvacam) - skin (skin, hide)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tvac

tvac - skin, hide, bark

Note: Object of 'atyajat' in the simile.

जीर्णाम् (jīrṇām) - old, worn out (old, worn out, decayed, digested)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jīrṇa

jīrṇa - old, worn out, decayed, digested

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root जॄ (jṝ), to decay, grow old

Root: जॄ (class 9)

Note: Modifies 'tvacam'.

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

उरगः (uragaḥ) - a snake (snake, serpent)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uraga

uraga - snake, serpent, reptile

From uras (chest) + ga (going), i.e., moving on its chest.

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (uras+ga)

• uras – chest, breast
  noun (neuter)
• ga – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun / participial adjective
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: गम् (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implied action in the simile (sheds).