महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-172, verse-1

भीष्म उवाच ।
ततोऽहं समनुज्ञाप्य कालीं सत्यवतीं तदा ।
मन्त्रिणश्च द्विजांश्चैव तथैव च पुरोहितान् ।
समनुज्ञासिषं कन्यां ज्येष्ठामम्बां नराधिप ॥१॥

1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
tato'haṁ samanujñāpya kālīṁ satyavatīṁ tadā ,
mantriṇaśca dvijāṁścaiva tathaiva ca purohitān ,
samanujñāsiṣaṁ kanyāṁ jyeṣṭhāmambāṁ narādhipa.

1. bhīṣma uvāca tataḥ aham samanujñāpya
kālīm satyavatīm tadā mantriṇaḥ ca dvijān
ca eva tathā eva ca purohitān
samanujñāsiṣam kanyām jyeṣṭhām ambām narādhipa

1. bhīṣma uvāca.
narādhipa,
tataḥ aham tadā kālīm satyavatīm,
ca mantriṇaḥ ca eva dvijān ca eva purohitān samanujñāpya,
jyeṣṭhām kanyām ambām samanujñāsiṣam.

1. Bhishma said: O king of men, then I, having obtained permission from Kāli and Satyavatī, and also from the ministers, the twice-born (dvija), and the priests, then gave permission to the eldest maiden, Ambā.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma (proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom

• अहम् (aham) - I

• समनुज्ञाप्य (samanujñāpya) - having caused to permit, having obtained permission from

• कालीम् (kālīm) - Kāli, Bhishma's stepmother (Satyavatī's maiden name) (Kāli)

• सत्यवतीम् (satyavatīm) - Satyavatī, Bhishma's stepmother (Satyavatī)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• मन्त्रिणः (mantriṇaḥ) - ministers

• च (ca) - and

• द्विजान् (dvijān) - Brahmins, twice-born

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, also

• तथा (tathā) - thus, similarly, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, also

• च (ca) - and

• पुरोहितान् (purohitān) - priests

• समनुज्ञासिषम् (samanujñāsiṣam) - I gave permission to, I permitted

• कन्याम् (kanyām) - maiden, girl

• ज्येष्ठाम् (jyeṣṭhām) - eldest, chief

• अम्बाम् (ambām) - Ambā, one of the three sisters abducted by Bhishma (Ambā)

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king of men

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name), formidable, terrible

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect active, third person singular, root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom

(indeclinable)

Adverbial suffix -tas from tad

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

समनुज्ञाप्य (samanujñāpya) - having caused to permit, having obtained permission from

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (causative)

Formed from prefixes sam + anu + root jñā (to know) + causative suffix -āp + suffix -ya

Prefixes: sam+anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

कालीम् (kālīm) - Kāli, Bhishma's stepmother (Satyavatī's maiden name) (Kāli)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kālī

kālī - Kāli (proper name, here refers to Satyavatī's earlier name), dark, black

सत्यवतीम् (satyavatīm) - Satyavatī, Bhishma's stepmother (Satyavatī)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of satyavatī

satyavatī - Satyavatī (proper name, Bhishma's stepmother), possessing truth

Possessive adjective (satyavat) used as name

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb from tad

मन्त्रिणः (mantriṇaḥ) - ministers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mantrin

mantrin - minister, counselor, adviser

Root: man (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

द्विजान् (dvijān) - Brahmins, twice-born

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dvija

dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), a Brahmin, a bird, a tooth

Compound meaning 'born twice'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• ja – born, produced, arisen from
  adjective
  From root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

एव (eva) - indeed, only, also

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

तथा (tathā) - thus, similarly, also

(indeclinable)

Adverb from tad

एव (eva) - indeed, also

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

पुरोहितान् (purohitān) - priests

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of purohita

purohita - domestic priest, family priest, chief priest

From puras (before) + dhā (to place), meaning 'placed in front'

Compound type : avyayībhāva (puras+hita)

• puras – before, in front, eastward
  indeclinable
• hita – placed, set, beneficial
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhā (to place) + suffix -ta
  Root: dhā (class 3)

समनुज्ञासिषम् (samanujñāsiṣam) - I gave permission to, I permitted

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of samanujñā

Aorist

Aorist active, first person singular, formed from sam + anu + root jñā (to know) + aorist sign -siṣ

Prefixes: sam+anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

कन्याम् (kanyām) - maiden, girl

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kanyā

kanyā - maiden, girl, virgin, daughter

ज्येष्ठाम् (jyeṣṭhām) - eldest, chief

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, chief, best, senior

Superlative form of an old root meaning 'to be old'

अम्बाम् (ambām) - Ambā, one of the three sisters abducted by Bhishma (Ambā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ambā

ambā - Ambā (proper name, one of the three sisters abducted by Bhishma), mother

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king of men, ruler, monarch

Compound meaning 'lord of men'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, person, male
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)
  From adhi + root pā (to protect)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)